to the superior exactness of proportion in the fair
sex. Let us rest a moment on this point; and
consider how much difference there is between the measures
that prevail in many similar parts of the body, in
the two sexes of this single species only. If
you assign any determinate proportions to the limbs
of a man, and if you limit human beauty to these proportions,
when you find a woman who differs in the make and
measures of almost every part, you must conclude her
not to be beautiful, in spite of the suggestions of
your imagination; or, in obedience to your imagination,
you must renounce your rules; you must lay by the
scale and compass, and look out for some other cause
of beauty. For if beauty be attached to certain
measures which operate from a principle in nature,
why should similar parts with different measures of
proportion be found to have beauty, and this too in
the very same species? But to open our view a
little, it is worth observing, that almost all animals
have parts of very much the same nature, and destined
nearly to the same purposes; a head, neck, body, feet,
eyes, ears, nose, and mouth; yet Providence, to provide
in the best manner for their several wants, and to
display the riches of his wisdom and goodness in his
creation, has worked out of these few and similar
organs, and members, a diversity hardly short of infinite
in their disposition, measures and relation.
But, as we have before observed, amidst this infinite
diversity, one particular is common to many species:
several of the individuals which compose them are capable
of affecting us with a sense of loveliness: and
whilst they agree in producing this effect, they differ
extremely in the relative measures of those parts
which have produced it. These considerations were
sufficient to induce me to reject the notion of any
particular proportions that operated by nature to
produce a pleasing effect; but those who will agree
with me with regard to a particular proportion, are
strongly prepossessed in favor of one more indefinite.
They imagine, that although beauty in general is annexed
to no certain measures common to the several kinds
of pleasing plants and animals; yet that there is a
certain proportion in each species absolutely essential
to the beauty of that particular kind. If we
consider the animal world in general, we find beauty
confined to no certain measures; but as some peculiar
measure and relation of parts is what distinguishes
each peculiar class of animals, it must of necessity
be, that the beautiful in each kind will be found
in the measures and proportions of that kind; for
otherwise it would deviate from its proper species,
and become in some sort monstrous: however, no
species is so strictly confined to any certain proportions,
that there is not a considerable variation amongst
the individuals; and as it has been shown of the human,
so it may be shown of the brute kinds, that beauty
is found indifferently in all the proportions which
each kind can admit, without quitting its common form;