I remember, so long ago as last July, his turning to me, after reading the story of our sad reverses in Virginia, and remarking that he believed God was directing the issues of the war for a great purpose, and that only in so far as we followed His guidance should we be successful.  I have heard him repeat this in effect several times since, and have seen the conviction growing within his mind deeper and deeper, as events proved its correctness, down to the present time.

And yet an Episcopal clergyman of New York told me, the other evening, that General Butler was an Atheist.

* * * * *

General Butler’s forbearance and kindness of heart are, I think, well illustrated in the true history of his controversy with General Phelps last summer, in regard to the employment of negroes coming within our lines.  His position on that question was at that time somewhat misunderstood.  Indeed, a gentleman observed to me only a short time since, referring to General Butler’s allowing General Phelps to resign, “General Butler served General Phelps just right.”

“So he did,” I replied; “but you and I probably differ some in our ideas of right and wrong.”

The case, in brief, was this.

General Phelps—­as good a man, as honest and whole-souled a patriot, and as brave and thorough a soldier as there is in the service—­was in command at Carrolton,—­our principal line of defence.  The negroes escaping from the plantations had gathered about his camp to the number of many hundreds.  General Phelps almost immediately initiated steps toward making them soldiers.  The residents, greatly alarmed, or affecting to be, lest they should soon be the victims of an ungovernable armed mob, addressed the most urgent remonstrances to General Butler against General Phelps’s proceedings.  The General was much perplexed; the Government had not yet indicated any policy on this important subject, and although I am satisfied his sympathies were with General Phelps, (the alacrity with which he soon after organized negro regiments is the best evidence of this,) he did not feel justified in officially approving his course.  Determined to avoid anything like a bitter opposition to a measure that his head and heart both told him was intrinsically right, he sought for a means of compromise.  Circumstances soon furnished the opportunity.

The enemy was threatening the city with speedy attack, and it was deemed of the highest importance to cut away the thick growth of trees in front of Carrolton for nearly a mile.  The General at once ordered General Phelps to set his negro brigade at this work, and in the order was particular to quote General Phelps’s own opinion, previously delivered, on the necessity of the project.  General Phelps, who was determined that the negroes should be soldiers or nothing, evasively declined obeying the order.  General Butler then wrote him a letter presenting fresh arguments, showing