But the evolution of a courageous and offensive disposition naturally did not result in an eminently domestic disposition.  Man did the hunting and fighting.  He was attached to the woman, but he was not steady.  He did not stay at home.  The woman and the child were the core of society, the fixed point, the point to which man came back.  There consequently grew up a sort of dual society and dual activity.  Man represented the more violent and spasmodic activities, involving motion and skillful co-ordinations, as well as organization for hunting and fighting; while woman carried on the steady, settled life.  She was not able to wander readily from a fixed point, on account of her children; and, indeed, her physical organization fitted her for endurance rather than movement.  Consequently her attention was turned to industries, since these were compatible with settled and stationary habits.  Agriculture, pottery, weaving, tanning, and all the industrial processes involved in working up the by-products of the chase, were developed by her.  She domesticated man and assisted him in domesticating the animals.  She built her house, and it was hers.  She did not go to her husband’s group after marriage.  The child was hers, and remained a member of her group.  The germ of social organization was, indeed, the woman and her children and her children’s children.  The old women were the heads of civil society, though the men had developed a fighting organization and technique which eventually swallowed them up.

From the standpoint of physical force, man was the master, and was often brutal enough.  But woman led an independent life, to some extent.  She was, if not economically independent, at least economically creative, and she enjoyed the great advantage of being less definitely interested in man than he was in her.  For while woman is more deeply involved physiologically in the reproductive life than man, she is apparently less involved from the standpoint of immediate stimulus, or her interest is less acute in consciousness.  The excess activity which characterizes man in his relation to the general environment holds also for his attitude toward woman.  Not only is the male the wooer among the higher orders of animals and among men, but he has developed all the accessories for attracting attention—­in the animals, plumage, color, voice, and graceful and surprising forms of motion; and in man, ornament and courageous action.  For primitive man, like the male animal, was distinguished by ornament.

Up to this time the relation of man to woman was the natural development of a relation calculated to secure the best results for the species.  His predacious disposition had been, in part at least, developed in the service of woman and her child, and he was emotionally dependent on her to such a degree that he used all the arts of attraction at his command to secure a relation with her.  In the course of time, however, an important change took place in