3 All obseruations of hights and distances of the coelestiall bodies, which are made on the superficies of the earth, are as exact, and true, as if they were made in the very center of the earth.  Which were impossible, vnlesse the thicknes of the earth were insensible in regard of the Heauens.

4 All Sunn Dialls which stand on the superficies of the earth, doe as truely cast the shadowes of the houres, as if they stood in the Center.  As for example.

The starre (S) appeares like a point or pricke to them that dwell in (A) wherefore the earth (OX) will appeare much lesse to the sight of him that should behold it from (S), nay it would not bee seene at all.  Againe halfe the Heauens (BFE) are alwayes seene to th[e] that dwell in (_A_) wanting some two minutes, betweene (_ED_) and (_BC_) which difference is alltogether insensible.  Againe if wee obserue the height of the starre (_S_) aboue the Horizon (_BE_) it will bee all one namely (_BS_) whether wee obserue it in the topp of the earth, in (_A_) or in the middle in (_O_.) For, (_A_) and (_O_,) are so little distant one from another, that (_AS_,) and (_OS_) will bee paralell lines, and bee esteemed but as one line.  The fourth reason concerning Dialls, is cleare by the framing and construction of them:  wherein either the lower end of the Cocke (or Gnomon) whereat all the houre lines meet, or the vpper end and knobb (as in many Dialls) is supposed to bee the Center of the earth.

[Illustration]

CAP. 3.

Of the parts of the terrestriall Globe.

The properties of the earthly Globe haue beene handled in the former chapter wee come now to the parts which are two in generall.

{Earth} Both containe vnder them more particular
{Water} parts to be knowne.

The more notable parts of the Earth are these.

1 A Continent or maine Land, or as some call it firme Land, which is not parted by the Sea running betweene.

2 An Iland, a land compassed about with waters.

3 A Peninsula, a land almost surrounded by waters saue at one place, where ioynes by a narrow necke of land to the Continent; this is also called Chersonesus.

4 An Isthmus, a streight necke of land which ioynes two countreys together, and keepes the Sea from compassing the one.

5 A Promontorie or head land running farre out into the Sea like a wedge.

6 A Mountaine }
}
7 A Valley } All easie to bee knowne
}
8 A Champion plain } without any definition.
}
9 A Wood }

The more notable parts of the Water are these

1 Mare the Sea, or Ocean, which is the gathering together of all waters.

2 Fretum a streight or narrow sea running betweene two lands.

3 Sinus a Creeke, Gulfe, or Bay, when the sea runnes vp into the bosome of the land by a narrow enterance but openeth it broader when it is within; if it bee very litell it is called a Hauen, Portus.