through the midst, and so to be pressed downe flat to the paper; as if you should take a hollow dish, and with your hand squieze the bottom down, till it lie flat vpon a bord, or any other plaine thing for then will those circles that before were of equall distance, runne closer together towards the midst.  After this conceit, vniversall Maps are made of two fashions, according as the globe may be devided two waies, either cutting quite through by the meridian from North to South, as if you should cut an apple by the eye and the stalke, or cutting it through the AEquinoctiall, East and West, as one would divide an apple through the midst, betweene the eye & the stalke.  The former makes two faces, or hemispheares, the East and the West hemispheare.  The latter makes likewise two Hemispheares, the North and the South.  Both suppositions are good, and befitting the nature of the globe:  for as touching such vniversall maps, wherein the world is represented not in two round faces, but all in one square plot, the ground wherevpon such descriptions are founded, is lesse naturall and agreeable to the globe, for it supposeth the earth to be like a Cylinder (or role of bowling allies) which imagination, vnlesse it be well qualified, is vtterly false,[2] and makes all such mappes faulty in the scituation of places.  Wherefore omitting this, we will shew the description of the two former only, both which are easie to be done.

[Footnote 2:  Of this Hypothesis see Wrights errors of navigation.]

1 To describe an AEquinoctiall planispheare, draw a circle (ACBD) and inscribe in it two diameters (AB) & (CD) cutting each other at right angles, and the whole circle into foure quadrants:  each whereof devide into 90. parts, or degrees.  The line (AB) doth fitly represent halfe of the AEquator, as the line (CD) in which the points (C) & (D) are the two poles, halfe of the Meridian:  for these circles the eye being in a perpendicular line from the point of concurrence (as in this projection it is supposed) must needs appeare streight.  To draw the other, which will appeare crooked, doe thus.  Lie a rule from the Pole (C) to every tenth or fift degree of the halfe circle (ADB) noting in the AEquator (AB) every intersection of it and the rule.  The like doe from the point (B) to the semicircle (CAD) noting also the intersections in the Meridian (CD) Then the diameters (CB) and (AB) being drawne out at both ends, as farre as may suffice, finding in the line (DC) the center of the tenth division from (A) to (C) and from (B) to (C), & of the first point of intersection noted in the meridian fr[o] the AEquator towards (_C_) by a way familiar to Geometricians connect the three points, and you haue the paralell of 10. degrees from the AEquator:  the like must bee done in drawing the other paralells on either side, the AEquator; as also in drawing the Meridians from centers found in the line (_AB_) in like maner continued.  All which is illustrated by the following diagram.