should be sprinkled freely in the trench each time it is used.  Also each morning sprinkle plenty of chloride of lime or some good, reliable disinfectant in the trench.  Do not permit the throwing of paper about the toilet.  Have a box in which paper is to be kept.  Flies should be excluded by boxing up the sides of the seats and fastening a hinged lid upon the seats (see illustration).  It is an advantage to admit the direct sunlight about the middle of the day because of its bactericidal action on disease germs.  In a permanent camp regular wooden closets should be built, with covered roof for protection from rain and wind.  The back of the closet should be arranged either by a hinged door or some other method so that the contents may be removed as often as once a week.  A wooden box on rollers placed beneath the seats will facilitate removal.  The seats should be scrubbed with hot water, sulpho-naphthol, or soap, daily.  “Springfield Oval” type of toilet paper prevents unnecessary waste.  In one camp the water from a near-by brook is dammed and thus by gravity made to flow by a system of modern plumbing through the urinals and flush closets.  This is ideal.  Insist upon cleanliness.  The cutting of initials and names upon the seats and woodwork should be considered a disgrace as well as a misdemeanor.

[Illustration:  Pit Toilet; seat, hinged cover, hinged door at back.]

Taboo the taking of books and papers to the toilet to read.  It should be an imperative rule that no other place be used.  A little carelessness will cause disagreeable as well as dangerous results.  By way of reiteration:  First, rigid prohibition of the pollution of the surface of the ground by the strictest rules, diligently enforced.  Second, the provision of toilets or latrines of adequate size with proper precaution to prevent the dispersal of excreta by wind, flies, or other agencies.  The latrines should be located a distance from camp but not so far as to offer temptation to pollution of the ground.  Third, boys should be educated when on hikes or tramps in the old Mosaic Rule laid down in Deuteronomy 23:  12-14. [1]

[Transcriber’s Footnote 1:  “Thou shalt have a place also without the camp, whither thou shalt go forth abroad:  And thou shalt have a paddle upon thy weapon; and it shall be, when thou wilt ease thyself abroad, thou shalt dig therewith, and shalt turn back and cover that which cometh from thee:  For the Lord thy God walketh in the midst of thy camp, to deliver thee, and to give up thine enemies before thee; therefore shall thy camp be holy:  that he see no unclean thing in thee, and turn away from thee.”]

Garbage