The undaunted bearing of Columbanus, and, perhaps, some lingering light of conscience, not yet altogether extinguished, had its effect upon the angry monarch.  He withdrew; but he left to others the task he dared not attempt in person.  The saint was compelled by armed men to leave his monastery, and only his Irish and British subjects were permitted to bear him company.  They departed in deep grief, not for the cruel treatment they suffered, but for their brethren from whom they were thus rudely torn.  As the monks who were left behind clung weeping to their father, he consoled them with these memorable words:  “God will be to you a Father, and reward you with mansions where the workers of sacrilege can never enter.”

Nantes was the destination of the exiled religious.  Here they were put on board a vessel bound for Ireland; but scarcely had they reached the open sea, when a violent storm arose, by which the vessel was driven back and stranded on the shore, where it lay all night.  The captain attributed the misfortune to his travelling companions, and refused to carry them any farther.  Columbanus, perceiving in this accident an indication of the will of heaven in their regard, determined to seek a settlement in some other part of the Continent.  In the third year after his expulsion from Luxeuil, he arrived at Milan, where he was hospitably received by the Lombard king, A.D. 612.  On his journey thither he had evangelised Austrasia, then governed by Theodebert.  This prince, though a brother of the monarch by whom he had been expelled, entertained him with the utmost courtesy.  At Mentz, the bishop vainly endeavoured to detain him.  Zeal for the conversion of souls led the saint to desire a less cultivated field of labour.  As he passed along the Lake of Zurich, and in the Canton of Zug, he reaped a rich harvest; from, thence he directed his course to Bregentz, then inhabited by an idolatrous people.

Here he was repulsed by those who most needed his apostolic labours; but, undaunted, he retired to the neighbouring county, where he secured a band of zealous converts.  Surrounded by these, and attended by his faithful monks, he once more entered the idolatrous city, and proceeded boldly to the temple where their false gods were enshrined.  Here he invoked the Holy Name, and by its power the idols were miraculously overthrown, and a multitude of the people were converted, including in their number some of the principal inhabitants of Bregentz.

The theological controversy, known as that of the “Three Chapters,” was now prevalent in northern Italy.  A letter is still extant which St. Columbanus addressed to Pope Boniface on this subject, in which, while he uses the privilege of free discussion on questions not defined by the Church, he is remarkably, and perhaps for some inconveniently, explicit as to his belief in papal supremacy.  A brief extract from this important document will show that the faith for which Ireland has suffered, and still suffers so much, was the same in the “early ages” as it is now.  He writes thus to the Holy Father:—­