30.  Glad and Gyllir, Gler and Skeidbrimir, Sillfrintopp and Sinir, Gisl and Falhofnir, Gulltopp and Lettfeti; on these steeds the AEsir each day ride, when they to council go, at Yggdrasil’s ash.

31.  Three roots stand on three ways under Yggdrasil’s ash:  Hel under one abides, under the second the Hrimthursar, under the third mankind.

32.  Ratatoesk is the squirrel named, which, has to run in Yggdrasil’s ash; he from above the eagle’s words must carry, and beneath to Nidhoegg repeat.

33.  Harts there are also four, which from its summits, arch-necked, gnaw.  Dain and Dvalin, Duneyr and Durathror.

34.  More serpents lie under Yggdrasil’s ash, than any one would think of witless mortals:  Goin and Moin,—­they are Grafvitnir’s sons—­Grabak and Grafvoellud, Ofnir and Svafnir, will, I ween, the branches of that tree ever lacerate.

35.  Yggdrasil’s ash hardship suffers greater than men know of; a hart bites it above, and in its side it rots, Nidhoegg beneath tears it.

36.  Hrist and Mist the horn shall bear me Skeggoeld and Skoegul, Hloekk and Herfiotur, Hildi and Thrudi, Goell and Geiroelul, Randgrid and Radgrid, and Reginleif, these bear beer to the Einheriar.

37.  Arvakr and Alsvid, theirs ’tis up hence fasting the sun to draw:  under their shoulder the gentle powers, the AEsir, have concealed an iron-coolness.

38.  Svalin the shield is called, which stands before the sun, the refulgent deity; rocks and ocean must, I ween, be burnt, fell it from its place.

39.  Skoell the wolf is named, that the fair-faced goddess to the ocean chases; another Hati hight, he is Hrodvitnir’s son; he the bright maid of heaven shall precede.

40.  Of Ymir’s flesh was earth created, of his blood the sea, of his bones the hills, of his hair trees and plants, of his skull the heaven;

41.  And of his brows the gentle powers formed Midgard for the sons of men; but of his brain the heavy clouds are all created.

42.  Ullr’s and all the gods’ favour shall have, whoever first shall look to the fire; for open will the dwelling be, to the AEsir’s sons, when the kettles are lifted off.[12]

43.  Ivaldi’s sons went in days of old Skidbladnir to form, of ships the best, for the bright Frey, Nioerd’s benign son.

44.  Yggdrasil’s ash is of all trees most excellent, and of all ships, Skidbladnir, of the AEsir, Odin, and of horses, Sleipnir, Bifroest of bridges, and of skallds, Bragi, Habrok of hawks, and of dogs, Garm, [Brimir of swords.]

45.  Now I my face have raised to the gods’ triumphant sons, at that will welcome help awake; from all the AEsir, that shall penetrate, to Oegir’s bench, to Oegir’s compotation.[13]

46.  I am called Grim, I am called Gangleri, Herian and Hialmberi, Thekk and Thridi, Thund and Ud, Helblindi and Har,

47.  Sad and Svipall, and Sanngetall, Herteit and Hnikar Bileyg, Baleyg, Boelverk, Fioelnir, Grim and Grimnir, Glapsvid and Fioelsvid,