We repeat, then, that a tariff sufficient for revenue, or a direct tax, must soon be resorted to; and, indeed, we believe this alternative is now denied by no one.  But which system shall be adopted?  Some of our opponents in theory admit the propriety of a tariff sufficient for revenue, but even they will not in practice vote for such a tariff; while others boldly advocate direct taxation.  Inasmuch, therefore, as some of them boldly advocate direct taxation, and all the rest—­or so nearly all as to make exceptions needless—­refuse to adopt the tariff, we think it is doing them no injustice to class them all as advocates of direct taxation.  Indeed, we believe they are only delaying an open avowal of the system till they can assure themselves that the people will tolerate it.  Let us, then, briefly compare the two systems.  The tariff is the cheaper system, because the duties, being collected in large parcels, at a few commercial points, will require comparatively few officers in their collection; while by the direct tax system the land must be literally covered with assessors and collectors, going forth like swarms of Egyptian locusts, devouring every blade of grass and other green thing.  And, again, by the tariff system the whole revenue is paid by the consumers of foreign goods, and those chiefly the luxuries and not the necessaries of life.  By this system, the man who contents himself to live upon the products of his own country pays nothing at all.  And surely that country is extensive enough, and its products abundant and varied enough, to answer all the real wants of its people.  In short, by this system the burden of revenue falls almost entirely on the wealthy and luxurious few, while the substantial and labouring many, who live at home and upon home products, go entirely free.  By the direct tax system, none can escape.  However strictly the citizen may exclude from his premises all foreign luxuries, fine cloths, fine silks, rich wines, golden chains, and diamond rings,—­still, for the possession of his house, his barn, and his homespun he is to be perpetually haunted and harassed by the tax-gatherer.  With these views, we leave it to be determined whether we or our opponents are more truly democratic on the subject.

From a Letter to Martin M. Morris.  Springfield, Illinois.  March 26, 1843

It is truly gratifying to me to learn that while the people of Sangamon have cast me off, my old friends of Menard, who have known me longest and best, stick to me.  It would astonish, if not amuse, the older citizens to learn that I (a stranger, friendless, uneducated, penniless boy, working on a flatboat at ten dollars per month) have been put down here as the candidate of pride, wealth, and aristocratic family distinction.  Yet so, chiefly, it was.  There was, too, the strangest combination of church influence against me.  Baker is a Campbellite; and therefore, as I suppose, with few exceptions, got all that church.  My wife