Mr. Lloyd tells us of a peasant who, when walking without a gun, saw a glutton up in a tree.  He at once took off his hat and coat and rigged out a scarecrow, the counterpart of himself, which he fixed close by, for the purpose of frightening the beast from coming down; he then went leisurely home, to fetch his gun:  this notable expedient succeeded perfectly.

Stalking-horses.—­Artificial.—­A stalking-horse, or cow, is made by cutting out a piece of strong canvas into the shape of the animal, and painting it properly.  Loops are sewn in different places, through which sticks are passed, to stretch the curves into shape:  a stake, planted in the ground serves as a buttress to support the apparatus:  at a proper height, there is a loophole to fire through.  It packs up into a roll of canvas and a bundle of five or six sticks.

[Sketch of stalking-horse as described below].

Bushes are used much in the same way.  Colonel Hawker made a contrivance upon wheels which he pushed before him.  The Esquimaux shoot seals by pushing a white screen before them over the ice, on a sledge.  See figure. - (Kane.)

Real.—­Both horses and oxen can be trained to shield a sportsman:  they are said to enter into the spirit of the Thing; and to show wonderful craft, walking round and round the object in narrowing circles, and stopping to graze unconcernedly, on witnessing the least sign of alarm.  Oxen are taught to obey a touch on the horn:  the common but cruel way of training them is to hammer and batter the horns for hours together, and on many days successively:  they then become inflamed at the root and are highly sensitive.

Pan-hunting (used at salt-licks).—­“Pan-hunting is a method of hunting deer at night.  An iron pan attached to a long stick, serving as a handle, is carried in the left hand over the left shoulder; near where the hand grasps the handle, in a small projecting stick, forming a fork on which to rest the rifle, when firing.  The pan is filled with burning pine-knots, which, being saturated with turpentine, shed a brilliant and constant light all around; shining into the eyes of any deer that may come in that direction, and making them look like two balls of fire.  The effect is most curious to those unaccumstomed to it.  The distance between the eyes of the deer as he approaches, appears gradually to increase, reminding one of the lamps of a travelling carriage.” (Palliser.)

The rush of an enraged Animal is far more easily avoided than is usually supposed.  The way the Spanish bull-fighters play with the bull, is well known:  any man can avoid a mere headlong charge.  Even the speed of a racer, which is undeniably far greater than any wild quadruped, does not exceed 30 miles an hour or four times the speed of a man.  The speed of an ordinary horse is not more than 24 miles an hour:  now even the fastest wild beast is unable to catch an ordinary horse, except by crawling unobserved