The rest of the services consisted in a chapter of the Bible read by the minister; a creed, repeated by the congregation standing; a prayer, read by the minister and repeated by the whole congregation kneeling.  Then the prayer was burned, the minister read a sermon, an anthem was chanted to the long life of the king; then followed the Ten Commandments, music, and the burning of incense and fire-crackers.  No business was allowed on the Sabbath, and the shops were closed.  There was a clergy, chosen by competitive examination, subject to the approval of the Tien-Wong, or supreme religious head of the movement.  There was a minister placed over every twenty-five families, and a church, or Heavenly Hall, assigned to him in some public building.  Over every twenty, five parishes there was a superior, who visited them in turn every Sabbath.  Once every month the whole people were addressed by the chief Wong.

The writer of this work describes his attendance on morning prayers at Nan-king, in the Heavenly Hall of the Chung-Wang’s household.  This took place at sunrise every morning, the men and women sitting on opposite sides of the hall.  “Oftentimes,” says he, “while kneeling in the midst of an apparently devout congregation, and gazing on the upturned countenances lightened by the early morning sun, have I wondered why no British missionary occupied my place, and why Europeans generally preferred slaughtering the Ti-Pings to accepting them as brothers in Christ.  When I look back,” he adds, “on the unchangeable and universal kindness I always met with among the Ti-Pings, even when their dearest relatives were being slaughtered by my countrymen, or delivered over to the Manchoos to be tortured to death, their magnanimous forbearance seems like a dream.  Their kind and friendly feelings were often annoying.  To those who have experienced the ordinary dislike of foreigners by the Chinese, the surprising friendliness of the Ti-Pings was most remarkable.”  They welcomed Europeans as “brethren from across the sea,” and claimed them as fellow-worshippers of “Yesu.”

Though the Ti-Pings did not at once lay aside all heathen customs, and could not be expected to do so, they took some remarkable steps in the right direction.  Their women were in a much higher position than among the other Chinese; they abolished the custom of cramping their feet; a married woman had rights, and could not be divorced at will, or sold, as under the Manchoos.  Large institutions were established for unmarried women.  Slavery was totally abolished, and to sell a human being was made a capital offence.  They utterly prohibited the use of opium; and this was probably their chief offence in the eyes of the English.  Prostitution was punished by death, and was unknown in their cities.  Idolatry was also utterly abolished.  Their treatment of the people under them was merciful; they protected their prisoners, whom the Imperialists always massacred.  The British troops, instead