[226] But not the same character.  At Dodona he was invoked as the Eternal.  Pausanias (X. c. 12, Sec. 5) says that the priestesses of that shrine used this formula in their prayer:  “Zeus was, Zeus is, Zeus shall be!  O great Zeus!” On Olympus he was not conceived as eternal, but only as immortal.

[227] Rev. G. W. Cox (A Manual of Mythology, London, 1867.  The Mythology of the Aryan Nations, London, 1870) has shown much ingenuity in his efforts to trace the myths and legends of the Greeks, Germans, etc., back to some original metaphors in the old Vedic speech, most of which relate to the movements of the sun, and the phenomena of the heavens.  It seems probable that he carries this too far; for why cannot later ages originate myths as well as the earlier?  The analogies by which he seeks to approximate Greek, Scandinavian, and Hindoo stories are often fanciful.  And the sun plays so overwhelming a part in this drama, that it reminds one of the picture in “Hermann and Dorothea,” of the traveller who looked at the sun till he could see nothing else.

    “Schweben sichet ihr Bild, wohin er die Blicke nur wendet.”

[228] See Le Sentiment Religieux en Grece, d’Homere a Eschyle, par Jules Girard, Paris, 1869.

[229] Iliad, Book I. v. 600.

[230] Margaret Fuller used to distinguish Apollo and Bacchus as Genius and Geniality.

[231] Isthmian, VI.

[232] Pythian, II.

[233] Nemean, VI.

[234] God in History, IV. 10.

[235] “Atrocem animam Catonis.”—­Horace.

[236] Antigone, 450.

[237] Yet, even in Euripides, we meet a strain like that (Hecuba, line 800), which we may render as follows:—­

    “For, though perhaps we may be helpless slaves,
    Yet are the gods most strong, and over them
    Sits LAW supreme.  The gods are under law,—­
    So do we judge,—­and therefore we can live
    While right and wrong stand separate forever.”

[238] See the original in Herder’s Greek text, Hellenische Blumenlese, and in Cudworth’s Intellectual System.

[239] Welcker, Grieschische Gotterlehre, Sec. 25.

[240] Ottfried Mueller, History of Greek Art, Sec.Sec. 115, 347.

[241] Oxford Prize Poems, Poem for 1812.

[242] [Greek:  O men theos eis{~GREEK ANO TELEIA~} koutos de ouk, os tines uponousin, ektos tas diakosmaeseas{~GREEK ANO TELEIA~} all en auta, olos en olo to kuklo, episkopos pasas geneses kai kraseos ton olon.].—­Clem.  Alex.  Cohort. ad gentes.

[243] Monotheism among the Greeks, translated in the Contemporary Review, March, 1867.  Victor Cousin, Fragments de Philosophie Ancienne.

[244] Quotations from Aristotle, in Rixner, I. Sec. 75.

[245] See Rixner, Zeller, and the poem of Empedocles on the Nature of Things ([Greek:  peri phaseos]), especially the commencement of the Third Book.

[246] His famous doctrine, that “man is the measure of all things,” meant that there is nothing true but that which appears to man to be so at any moment.  He taught, as we should now say, the subjectivity of knowledge.