are Don and her children. We have seen that though
they are described as kings and warriors by the annalists,
traces of their divinity appear. In the Cuchulainn
cycle they are supernatural beings and sometimes demons,
helping or harming men, and in the Fionn cycle all
these characteristics are ascribed to them. But
the theory which prevailed most is that which connected
them with the hills or mounds, the last resting-places
of the mighty dead. Some of these bore their
names, while other beings were also associated with
the mounds (sid)—Fomorians and Milesian
chiefs, heroes of the sagas, or those who had actually
been buried in them.[201] Legend told how, after the
defeat of the gods, the mounds were divided among them,
the method of division varying in different versions.
In an early version the Tuatha De Danann are immortal
and the Dagda divides the sid.[202] But in a
poem of Flann Manistrech (ob. 1056) they are
mortals and die.[203] Now follows a regular chronology
giving the dates of their reigns and their deaths,
as in the poem of Gilla Coemain (eleventh century).[204]
Hence another legend told how, Dagda being dead, Bodb
Dearg divided the sid, yet even here Manannan
is said to have conferred immortality upon the Tuatha
De Danann.[205] The old pagan myths had shown that
gods might die, while in ritual their representatives
were slain, and this may have been the starting-point
of the euhemerising process. But the divinity
of the Tuatha De Danann is still recalled. Eochaid
O’Flynn (tenth century), doubtful whether they
are men or demons, concludes, “though I have
treated of these deities in order, yet have I not adored
them."[206] Even in later times they were still thought
of as gods in exile, a view which appears in the romantic
tales and sagas existing side by side with the notices
of the annalists. They were also regarded as fairy
kings and queens, and yet fairies of a different order
from those of ordinary tradition. They are “fairies
or sprites with corporeal forms, endowed with immortality,”
and yet also dei terreni or side worshipped
by the folk before the coming of S. Patrick.
Even the saint and several bishops were called by
the fair pagan daughters of King Loegaire, fir
side, “men of the sid,” that
is, gods.[207] The sid were named after the
names of the Tuatha De Danann who reigned in them,
but the tradition being localised in different places,
several mounds were sometimes connected with one god.
The sid were marvellous underground palaces,
full of strange things, and thither favoured mortals
might go for a time or for ever. In this they
correspond exactly to the oversea Elysium, the divine
land.