form is distinguishable except legs and arms in vehement
commotion. Very different is Titian’s conception
of this scene. To express the spiritual meaning,
the emotion of Madonna’s transit, with all the
pomp which colour and splendid composition can convey,
is Titian’s sole care; whereas Correggio appears
to have been satisfied with realising the tumult of
heaven rushing to meet earth, and earth straining upwards
to ascend to heaven in violent commotion—a
very orgasm of frenetic rapture. The essence
of the event is forgotten: its external manifestation
alone is presented to the eye; and only the accessories
of beardless angels and cloud-encumbered cherubs are
really beautiful amid a surge of limbs in restless
movement. More dignified, because designed with
more repose, is the Apocalypse of S. John painted
upon the cupola of S. Giovanni. The apostles
throned on clouds, with which the dome is filled, gaze
upward to one point. Their attitudes are noble;
their form is heroic; in their eyes there is the strange
ecstatic look by which Correggio interpreted his sense
of supernatural vision: it is a gaze not of contemplation
or deep thought, but of wild half-savage joy, as if
these saints also had become the elemental genii of
cloud and air, spirits emergent from ether, the salamanders
of an empyrean intolerable to mortal sense. The
point on which their eyes converge, the culmination
of their vision, is the figure of Christ. Here
all the weakness of Correggio’s method is revealed.
He had undertaken to realise by no ideal allegorical
suggestion, by no symbolism of architectural grouping,
but by actual prosaic measurement, by corporeal form
in subjection to the laws of perspective and foreshortening,
things which in their very essence admit of only a
figurative revelation. Therefore his Christ, the
centre of all those earnest eyes, is contracted to
a shape in which humanity itself is mean, a sprawling
figure which irresistibly reminds one of a frog.
The clouds on which the saints repose are opaque and
solid; cherubs in countless multitudes, a swarm of
merry children, crawl about upon these feather-beds
of vapour, creep between the legs of the apostles,
and play at bopeep behind their shoulders. There
is no propriety in their appearance there. They
take no interest in the beatific vision. They
play no part in the celestial symphony; nor are they
capable of more than merely infantine enjoyment.
Correggio has sprinkled them lavishly like living
flowers about his cloudland, because he could not
sustain a grave and solemn strain of music, but was
forced by his temperament to overlay the melody with
roulades. Gazing at these frescoes, the thought
came to me that Correggio was like a man listening
to sweetest flute-playing, and translating phrase after
phrase as they passed through his fancy into laughing
faces, breezy tresses, and rolling mists. Sometimes
a grander cadence reached his ear; and then S. Peter
with the keys, or S. Augustine of the mighty brow,