frescoes cover cupola and chapel wall, we could scarcely
comprehend his greatness now—so cruelly
have time and neglect dealt with those delicate dream-shadows
of celestial fairyland—were it not for
an interpreter, who consecrated a lifetime to the
task of translating his master’s poetry of fresco
into the prose of engraving. That man was Paolo
Toschi—a name to be ever venerated by all
lovers of the arts; since without his guidance we
should hardly know what to seek for in the ruined splendours
of the domes of Parma, or even seeking, how to find
the object of our search. Toschi’s labour
was more effectual than that of a restorer however
skilful, more loving than that of a follower however
faithful. He respected Correggio’s handiwork
with religious scrupulousness, adding not a line or
tone or touch of colour to the fading frescoes; but
he lived among them, aloft on scaffoldings, and face
to face with the originals which he designed to reproduce.
By long and close familiarity, by obstinate and patient
interrogation, he divined Correggio’s secret,
and was able at last to see clearly through the mist
of cobweb and mildew and altar smoke, and through the
still more cruel travesty of so-called restoration.
What he discovered, he faithfully committed first
to paper in water colours, and then to copperplate
with the burin, so that we enjoy the privilege of seeing
Correggio’s masterpieces as Toschi saw them,
with the eyes of genius and of love and of long scientific
study. It is not too much to say that some of
Correggio’s most charming compositions—for
example, the dispute of S. Augustine and S. John—have
been resuscitated from the grave by Toschi’s
skill. The original offers nothing but a mouldering
surface from which the painter’s work has dropped
in scales. The engraving presents a design which
we doubt not was Correggio’s, for it corresponds
in all particulars to the style and spirit of the master.
To be critical in dealing with so successful an achievement
of restoration and translation is difficult.
Yet it may be admitted once and for all that Toschi
has not unfrequently enfeebled his original.
Under his touch Correggio loses somewhat of his sensuous
audacity, his dithyrambic ecstasy, and approaches
the ordinary standard of prettiness and graceful beauty.
The Diana of the Camera di S. Paolo, for instance,
has the strong calm splendour of a goddess: the
same Diana in Toschi’s engraving seems about
to smile with girlish joy. In a word, the engraver
was a man of a more common stamp—more timid
and more conventional than the painter. But this
is after all a trifling deduction from the value of
his work.