JAPANESE STUDENTS ABROAD [LVI].  During 1921 more than 200 young professors or candidates for professorships were sent to Europe and America by the Ministry of Education.  Probably another 300 were studying on funds (L450 for a year plus fares is the grant which is made by the Ministry of Education) supplied by the Ministries of Agriculture, of Railways and of the Army and Navy (often supplemented, no doubt, by money furnished by their families).  If to these students are added those sent by independent Universities, institutions, corporations and private firms, the total cannot be fewer than 1,000.  The students stay from six months to two or three years, and when they return others take their places.  Counting diplomatists, business men, tourists and students there are, of course, more Japanese in Great Britain than there are British in Japan.  There are fifteen hundred Japanese in London alone.

TEA PRODUCTION [LVII].  Every prefecture but Aomori produces some tea, but very little is grown in the prefectures of the extreme north.  The largest producers are in order:  Shidzuoka, Miye, Nara, Kyoto, Kumamoto, Gifu, Kagoshima, Shiga, Saitama, Osaka and Ibariki.  In 1919 Shidzuoka produced 4 million kwan, valued at nearly 13 million yen.  But the statistics of tea production are unsatisfactory.  Much tea is produced and sold locally which is unreported.  A great deal of this is of inferior quality and produced from half-wild bushes.  The 1919 figures are:  area, 48,843 cho; number of factories, 1,122,164; green tea—­sencha, 7,205,886 kwan; bancha, 2,580,035 kwan; gyokuro, 75,826 kwan; black, 50,756 kwan; others, 234,868 kwan; sencha dust, 249,862 kwan; other dust, 486 kwan.  Total, 10,397,719 kwan; value, 33,377,460 yen.  There was exported green tea (pan fired), 12,420,000 yen; green tea (basket fired), 4,575,000 yen; others, 1,405,000 yen.  Of this there went to the United States consignments to the value of 15,600,000 yen and to Canada of 1,700,000 yen.  In 1918 the export to America was 50,000 tons; in 1919, 30,000; and in 1920, 23,000; and a further decline is expected in 1921.  The total exports, which were, in 1909, 62 per cent, of the production, were, in 1918, only 57 per cent, and, in 1919, 37 per cent.

THEINE PERCENTAGES.—­The following percentages of theine in black and green tea were furnished me by the Department of Agriculture: 

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|Green          |Green       |Black |Oolong
|(Basket Fired) |(Pan Fired) |      |
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Theine |2.81           |2.22        |2.26  |2.35
Tannin |15.08          |14.29       |7.32  |16.15
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Theine or caffeine is a feathery-looking substance which resembles the material of a silk-worm’s cocoon.  There is more theine or caffeine in tea leaves than in coffee.