quod est increatum et increabile; si tota anima esset
talis, esset increata et increabilis. Hoc est
intellectus.” Eckhart certainly says explicitly
that “as fire turns all that it touches into
itself, so the birth of the Son of God in the soul
turns us into God, so that God no longer knows anything
in us but His Son.” Man thus becomes “filius
naturalis Dei,” instead of only “filius
adoptivus.” We have seen that Eckhart,
towards the end of his life, inclined more and more
to separate the spark, the organ of Divine contemplation,
from the reason. This is, of course, an approximation
to the other view of deification—that
of substitution or miraculous infusion from without,
unless we see in it a tendency to divorce the personality
from the reason. Ruysbroek states his doctrine
of the Divine spark very clearly: “The
unity of our spirit in God exists in two ways, essentially
and actively. The essential existence of the soul,
quae secundum aeternam ideam in Deo nos sumus,
itemque quam in nobis habemus, medii ac discriminis
expers est. Spiritus Deum in nuda natura
essentialiter possidet, et spiritum Deus. Vivit
namque in Deo et Deus in ipso; et secundum supremam
sui partem Dei claritatem suscipere absque medio
idoneus est; quin etiam per aeterni exemplaris sui
claritudinem essentialiter ac personaliter in ipso
lucentis, secundum supremam vivacitatis suae portionem,
in divinam sese demittit ac demergit essentiam,
ibidemque perseveranter secundum ideam manendo aeternam
suam possidet beatitudinem; rursusque cum creaturis
omnibus per aeternam Verbi generationem inde emanans,
in esse suo creato constituitur.” The “natural
union,” though it is the first cause of all
holiness and blessedness, does not make us holy and
blessed, being common to good and bad alike.
“Similitude” to God is the work of grace,
“quae lux quaedam deiformis est.”
We cannot lose the “unitas,” but we can
lose the “similitudo quae est gratia.”
The highest part of the soul is capable of receiving
a perfect and immediate impression of the Divine essence;
by this “apex mentis” we may “sink
into the Divine essence, and by a new (continuous)
creation return to our created being according to
the idea of God.” The question whether the
“ground of the soul” is created or not
is obviously a form of the question which we are now
discussing. Giseler, as I have said, holds that
it was created with the soul. Sterngassen says:
“That which God has in eternity in uncreated
wise, that has the soul in time in created wise.”
But the author of the Treatise on Love, which
belongs to this period, speaks of the spark as “the
Active Reason, which is God.” And
again, “This is the Uncreated in the soul
of which Master Eckhart speaks.” Suso seems
to imply that he believed the ground of the soul to
be uncreated, an emanation of the Divine nature; and
Tauler uses similar language. Ruysbroek, in the
last chapter of the Spiritual Nuptials, says