sentence reserving the supremacy of Parliament was
justly found fault with as inaccurate and doubtful,
but that defect would have been cured by an amendment
in Committee; and, even if there had not been any
such clause in the Bill, it is clear, from what has
been said above, that the Imperial Legislature could
not, if it would, renounce its supremacy or abdicate
its sovereign powers. The executive government
in Ireland was continued in the Queen, to be carried
on by the Lord Lieutenant on behalf of her Majesty,
with the aid of such officers and Council as to her
Majesty might from time to time seem fit. Her
Majesty was also a constituent part of the Legislature,
with power to delegate to the Lord Lieutenant the
prerogative of assenting to or dissenting from Bills,
and of summoning, proroguing, and dissolving Parliament.
Under these provisions the Lord Lieutenant resembled
the Governor of a colony with responsible government.
He was invested with a double authority—first,
Imperial; secondly, Local. As an Imperial officer,
he was bound to veto any Bill injuriously affecting
Imperial interests or inconsistent with general Imperial
policy; as a Local officer, it was his duty to act
in all local matters according to the advice of his
Council, whose tenure of office depended on their being
in harmony with, and supported by, a majority of the
Legislative Assembly. Questions relating to the
constitutionality of any particular law were not left
altogether to the decision of the Governor. If
a Bill containing a provision infringing Imperial
rights passed the Legislature, its validity might
be decided in the first instance by the ordinary courts
of law, but the ultimate appeal lay to the Judicial
Committee of the Privy Council, and, with a view to
secure absolute impartiality in the Committee, it
was provided that Ireland should be represented on
that body by persons who either were or had been Irish
judges. Not the least important provision of the
Bill, as respects the maintenance of Imperial interests,
was the continuance of Imperial taxation. The
Customs and Excise duties were directed to be levied,
as heretofore, in pursuance of the enactments of the
Imperial Parliament, and were excepted from the control
of the Irish Legislature, which had full power, with
that exception, to impose such taxes in Ireland as
they might think expedient. The Bill further
provided that neither the Imperial taxes of Excise
nor any Local taxes that might be imposed by the Irish
Legislature should be paid into the Irish Exchequer.
An Imperial officer, called the Receiver-General,
was appointed, into whose hands the produce of every
tax, both Imperial and Local, was required to be paid,
and it was the duty of the Receiver-General to take
care that all claims of the English Exchequer, including
especially the contribution payable by Ireland for
Imperial purposes, were satisfied before a farthing
found its way into the Irish Exchequer for Irish purposes.
The Receiver-General was provided with an Imperial