name, Devak[=i], as ‘player’ (ib) But the change of name in a Vedic hymn has no special significance.  The name Devak[=i] is found applied to other persons, and its etymology is rather deva, divine, as Weber now admits (Berl.  Ak. 1890, p. 931).]

[Footnote 84:  In the epic, also, kings become hermits, and perform great penance just as do the ascetic priests.  Compare the heroes themselves, and i. 42. 23 raja mah[=a]tap[=a]s; also ii. 19, where a king renounces his throne, and with his two wives becomes a hermit in the woods.  In i. 41. 31 a king is said to be equal to ten priests!]

[Footnote 85:  In fact, the daily repetition of the S[=a]vitr[=i] is a tacit admission of the sun god as the highest type of the divine; and Vishnu is the most spiritualized form of the sun-god, representing even in the Rig-Veda the goal of the departing spirit.]

     [Footnote 86:  Skanda (Subrahmanya) and Ganeca are Civa’s two
     sons, corresponding to Krishna and R[=a]ma.  Skanda’s own son
     is Vic[=a]kha, a graha (above, p. 415).]

[Footnote 87:  Civa at the present day, for instance, is represented now and then as a man, and he is incarnate as V[=i]rabhadra.  But all this is modern, and contrasts with the older conception.  It is only in recent times, in the South, that he is provided with an earthly history.  Compare Williams, Thought and Life, p. 47.]

     [Footnote 88:  Ava-t[=a]ra, ‘descent,’ from ava, ‘down,’
     and tar, ‘pass’ (as in Latin in-trare).]

     [Footnote 89:  In the Bh[=a]gavata Pur[=a]na.]

[Footnote 90:  The tortoise avatar had a famous temple two centuries ago, where a stone tortoise received prayer.  How much totemism lies in these avatars it is guess-work to say.]

[Footnote 91:  Balar[=a]ma (or Baladeva), Krishna’s elder brother, is to be distinguished from R[=a]ma.  The former is a late addition to the Krishna-cult, and belongs with Nanda, his reputed father.  Like Krishna, the name is also that of a snake, Naga, and it is not impossible that Naga worship may be the foundation of the Krishna-cult, but it would be hard to reconcile this with tradition.  In the sixth century Var[=a]hamihira recognizes both the brothers.]

     [Footnote 92:  Edkins, cited by Mueller, India, p. 286.]

     [Footnote 93:  Weber, Janm[=a][s.][t.]am[=i], pp. 259, 318. 
     Weber describes in full the cult of the “Madonna with the
     Child,” according to the Pur[=a]nas.]

     [Footnote 94:  On the subsequent deification of the Pandus
     themselves see 1A.  VII. 127.]

     [Footnote 95:  Hence the similarity with Herakles, with whom
     Megasthenes identifies him.  The man-lion and hero-forms are
     taken to rid earth of monsters.]