published as the V[r.]ddha-H[=a]rita-Sa[.m]hit[=a].  Here there is polemic against Civa; one must worship Jagann[=a]th with flowers, and every one must be branded with the Vishnu disc (cakra).  Even women and slaves are to use mantras, etc.]

     [Footnote 13:  The lateness of this law-book is evident from
     its advocacy of suttee (XXV. 14), its preference for
     female ancestors (see below), etc.]

     [Footnote 14:  Manu, III. 89; XII. 121.]

     [Footnote 15:  As, for example, in K[=u]rma Pur[=a]na, XVI.
     p. 186, where is found a common epic verse description of
     battle.]

[Footnote 16:  A good instance of this is found in Brihan N[=a]rad[=i]ya Pur[=a]na, X., where the churik[=a] and drugha[n.]a (24) appear in an imitative scene of this sort; one of these being later, the other earlier, than the epic vocabulary.]

[Footnote 17:  Perhaps the most striking distinction between Vedic and Puranic, or one may say, Indic Aryan and Hindu religions, is the emphasis laid in the former upon Right; in the latter, upon idols.  The Vedic religion insists upon the law of right (order), that is, the sacrifice; but it insists also upon right as rectitude, truth, holiness.  Puranic Hinduism insists upon its idols; only incidentally does it recommend rectitude, truth, abstract holiness.]

     [Footnote 18:  KP. i. p. 29.]

[Footnote 19:  K[=u]rma, xii. p. 102.  Contrast ib. xxii. p. 245, caturvy[=u]hadhara Vishnur avy[=u]has procyate (elsewhere navavy[=u]ha).  Philosophically, in the doctrine of the epic P[=a]ncar[=a]tras (still held by some sectaries), Vishnu is to be revered as Krishna, Balar[=a]ma, Pradymana, Aniruddha (Krishna’s brother, son, and grandson), representing, respectively, [=a]tm[=a], j[=i]va, supreme and individual spirit, perception, and consciousness.  Compare Mbh[=a]. xii. 340. 8, 72.]

     [Footnote 20:  KP. xxi. p. 236; xxii. p. 238, etc.]

     [Footnote 21:  ib. I, p. 23.]

[Footnote 22:  Compare Brihan N[=a]radiya Pur[=a]na, xiv. 10, bah[=u]ni k[=a][s.][t.]hay[=a]ntr[=a][n.]i (torture machines) in hell.  The old tale of N[=a]ciketas is retold at great length in the Var[=a]ha Pur[a=]na.  The oldest Pur[=a]na, the M[=a]rkandeya, has but seven hells, a conception older than Manu’s twenty-one (compare on MP. x. 80 ff., Scherman, loc. cit. p. 33), or the later lists of thousands.  The Padma Pur[=a]na, with celebrates R[=a]ma, has also seven hells, and is in part old, for it especially extols Pushkara (Brahm[=a]’s lone shrine); but it recommends the taptamudra, or branding with hot iron.]

     [Footnote 23:  Nar. xiv. 2.]

     [Footnote 24:  xiv. 54 and 70.]

     [Footnote 25:  KP. xxii. pp, 239-241.]