The knight now asks what causes one to sin.  The Deity answers:  “Love and hate; for from love is born hate; and from anger, ignorance in regard to right and wrong; whence comes lack of reason, and consequently destruction.  The knowledge of a man is enwrapped with desire as is fire with smoke.  Great are the senses; greater, the mind; greater still, the understanding; greatest of all is ‘That’” (brahma; as above in the Ch[=a]ndogya). The Deity begins again:[5] “This system of devotion I declared to Vivasvant (the sun); Vivasvant declared it to Manu, and Manu to kingly seers.” (The same origin is claimed for itself in Manu’s lawbook.) The knight objects, not yet knowing that Krishna is the All-god:  “How did’st thou declare it first? thy birth is later than the sun’s.”  To whom the Deity:  “Many are my births, and I know them all; many too are thine, but thou knowest them not; unborn and Lord of all creatures I assume phenomena, and am born by the illusion of the spirit.  Whenever there is lack of righteousness, and wrong arises, then I emit (create) myself.[6] I am born age after age for the protection of the good, for the destruction of the wicked, and for the sake of establishing righteousness.  Whoso really believes in this my divine birth and work, he, when he has abandoned his body, enters no second birth, but enters Me.  Many there are who, from Me arising, on Me relying, purified by the penance of knowledge, with all affections, fear, and anger gone, enter into my being.  As they approach Me so I serve them.[7] Men in all ways follow after my path.  Some desire the success that is of action, and worship gods; for success that is born of action is speedy in the world of men.  Know Me as the maker of the four castes, know Me as the unending one and not the maker.  Action stains Me not, for in the fruit of action I have no desire.  He that thus knows Me is not bound by acts.[8] So he that has no attachment is not bound by acts.  His acts become naught. Brahma is the oblation, and with brahma is it offered; brahma is in the fire, and by brahma is the oblation made.  Sacrifices are of many kinds, but he that sacrifices with knowledge offers the best sacrifice.  He that has faith has knowledge; he that has knowledge obtains peace.  He that has no knowledge and no faith, whose soul is one of doubt, is destroyed.  Action does not destroy him that has renounced action by means of indifference.  Of the two, renunciation of action and indifference, though both give bliss, indifference in action is better than renunciation of action.  Children, not Pundits, proclaim S[=a]nkhya and Yoga to be distinct.  He that is devoted to either alone finds the reward of both.  Renunciation without Yoga is a thing hard to get; united with Yoga the seer enters brahma. ...  He is the renouncer and the devotee who does the acts that ought to be done without relying on the reward of action, not he that performs no acts