of lawyers decreased, so quickly came the decisions.  Under the Austrians, to be sure, the caravan trade with the East had been greater; the people of the Bukowina and Hungary, and also the Poles, turned elsewhere and were already looking toward Trieste; but in place of this, new manufacturing industries arose; wool and textiles, and in the mountain valleys a flourishing linen industry.  Many found the new era uncomfortable, many were really incommoded by its severity; but few dared to deny that on the whole things had been greatly improved.

But another thing in the Prussian system was astonishing to the Silesians, and soon gained a secret power over their minds.  This was the Spartan spirit of devotion on the part of the King’s servants, which appeared so frequently even among the humblest officials; for instance, the revenue collectors, never popular even before the introduction of the French system.  In this case they were retired subaltern officers, veteran soldiers of the King, who had won his battles for him and grown gray in powder smoke.  They sat now by the gates smoking their pipes; with their very small pay they could indulge in no luxuries; but they were on the spot from early morning until late at night, doing their duty skilfully, precisely and quickly, as old soldiers are wont to do.  Their minds were always on their service; it was their honor and their pride.  For years to come old Silesians from the time of the great King used to tell their grandchildren how the punctuality, strictness, and honesty of the Prussian officials had astonished them.  In every district headquarters, for instance, there was a tax collector.  He lived in his little office, which was perhaps also his bedroom, and collected in a great wooden bowl the land taxes, which the village officials brought into his room monthly on an appointed day.  Many thousand thalers were entered on the lists, and were delivered, to the last penny, to the great main treasuries.  The pay too of such a man was small.  He sat and collected and stowed in purses until his hair became white and his trembling hands were no longer able to manage the two-groschen pieces.  And it was the pride of his life that the King knew him personally, and if he ever drove through the place would silently look at him from his great eyes, while the horses were being changed, or, if he was very gracious, give him a slight nod.  With respect and a certain awe the people looked upon even these subordinate servants of the new principle, and the Silesians were not alone in this.  Something new had come into the world in general.  It was not a mere figure of speech when Frederick called himself the foremost servant of his State.  As he had taught his wild nobility on the battlefield that it was the highest honor to die for the Fatherland, so his untiring, faithful care forced upon the soul of the least of his servants in the distant border towns the great idea of the duty of living and working first of all for the good of his King and his country.