RAY, THOMAS MATTHEW (1801-1881).—­A Dublin trades-union leader of great organising ability, appointed by O’Connell secretary of the Repeal Association.  Subsequently Assistant-Registrar of Deeds.

REILLY, THOMAS DEVIN (1823-1854).—­One of the Nation staff and one of the few leading Young Irelanders who supported Mitchel on the division in the Confederation in 1848.  In the United States he won a foremost position as a political writer.

REYNOLDS, JOHN.—­An Alderman of the Dublin Corporation and M.P. for Dublin City in the British Parliament, 1847-52.  Subsequently Lord Mayor.  He was utterly corrupt and a mob-leader.

ROEBUCK, J.A. (1801-79).—­An English politician who professed Independent views, and from the violence of his denunciation of his opponents was nicknamed “Tear ’em.”

RUSSELL, LORD JOHN (1792-1878).—­Liberal Prime Minister of England, 1846-52, and again, 1865.  He successfully opposed Lord George Bentinck’s proposal to preserve the Irish from famine and pauperism by undertaking the construction of railways.

SAVAGE, JOHN (1828-1888).—­One of the founders of the Irish Tribune.  After the complete failure of the insurrection, he escaped to the United States where he became eminent in literature and for a time head of the Fenian movement.

SHEIL, RICHARD LALOR (1791-1851).—­Dramatist, orator and politician.  Deserted Repeal and was made British minister at Florence.  Subsequently Master of the Mint.

SHIELDS, JAMES, GENERAL (1807-1879).—­Born near Dungannon, Shields emigrated in early life to the United States, where he attained distinction in journalism and subsequently celebrity as a lawyer.  On the outbreak of war with Mexico, he forsook the Bar for arms, and as a soldier acquired even higher renown.  In 1848 he was chosen as governor of Oregon, and was considered one of the ablest of the United States Generals.  His political views being in sympathy with the Young Irelanders, several of them looked towards Shields as another Eoghan Ruadh, who would accept the call of his country and return to lead the Irish once they had taken the field.  Subsequently Shields engaged in the Civil War on the Northern side, and, although a comparatively old man, distinguished himself by defeating General Stonewall Jackson at the Battle of Winchester, although his army was inferior in numbers and he had been wounded at the opening of the fight.

SMYTH, P.J. (1826-1885).—­One of the youngest of the Young Ireland leaders.  He escaped from Ireland to the United States after the collapse of the insurrection, and carried out the rescue of Mitchel from Van Diemen’s Land.  On his return to Ireland he re-entered politics, and sat in the British Parliament successively for Westmeath and Tipperary.

STANLEY, LORD (1802-1869).—­Secretary for Foreign Affairs in the British Liberal Government, 1846-52.

STAUNTON, MICHAEL.—­Proprietor of the Morning Register newspaper and an alderman of the Dublin Corporation.  His memory survives as the involuntary agent of bringing Duffy and Davis together—­and thus leading to the foundation of The Nation.