their mutual languages essentially as one; their respective interests as one.  He prophesied power and predominance to the Slavi united as a whole.  The idea was seized with eagerness; especially by the Bohemian scholars, in whom a certain irritation against the Germans, the oppressors of their nation for centuries, was far from being unnatural.  At the head of this movement, so far as it respects philological investigations, was P.J.  Schaffarik; in respect to historical researches, Fr. Palacky; the first a Slovak, the second a Moravian by birth; and both of them highly esteemed as scholars of great learning, uncommon acuteness, and indefatigable research; but both also, from a very laudable national partiality, inclined to favour those results of their researches, which should serve to support their own patriotic or Panslavic views.  It will therefore not be found surprising, that they should have met with a strong, nay passionate opposition.

Schaffarik, whose valuable work on the Slavic languages and their history we have chiefly consulted in our present sketch, (not however without due regard to his own altered and corrected views, as given to the public in his later works,) was born in 1795 at Kbeljarowo in Northern Hungary.  He received a German education; and, following the example of other leading Slavic scholars, like Dobrovsky and Kopitar, notwithstanding his partiality for all that is Slavic, he wrote most of his earlier works in German.  His “History of the Slavic Language and Literature,” although a production of his youth, and written before the full maturity of the author’s views, has perhaps contributed more than any other work to a knowledge of the Slavic literature in general, and of the classification and mutual relation of the Slavic languages.  After further researches, he prepared a “History of the Southern Slavi;” which however, so far as we are informed, has never been printed.  Instead of it he published a work on “Slavic Antiquities” in the Bohemian language.  It was patriotism which induced him not only to choose this language in preference to the German, and thus give up a far greater field of influence; but he also declined a well endowed Slavic professorship in the university of Berlin, from the same generous and patriotic motive, and settled in Prague.  Here he undertook the editorship of a periodical founded by Palacky; and operated in connection with him and other Slavic scholars for the promotion of Slavic, and principally Bohemian, literature.  For this end a society was founded among the Bohemian and Slovakian scholars and gentry, called the Stalci, the Constant.  They bound themselves to buy every respectable book, which should be printed in the Bohemian language.  In 1842 Schaffarik published a “Slavic Ethnography,” a small introductory work, but founded on extensive studies.  Of this he himself prepared a German translation.[50]