As historical writers Tomek and Jordan must be honourably mentioned.  An excellent work on Bohemian Antiquities, written in German by J.E.  Wocel, ought also to be noticed.[46]

In the department of natural science are to be mentioned, Presl, count Berchtold, Strnad, Sedlaczek, Wydra, Smetana, etc.  Others, Bohemians by birth, have written in German, e.g.  Haenke, Sieber, etc. etc.  Count Buquoy also is of Bohemian origin.—­Writers of merit on moral and religious subjects are, Rautenkranz, Zahradnik, Parizek, and others.  The Slovak Bartholomaeides, a distinguished scholar, has written several useful works on various topics.—­Periodicals full of learned researches and variety of interest were edited, Dobraslaw by Hromadko and Ziegler, Krok by Presl, etc.  Modern journals of a more general tendency are Wlastimil (the Patriot), Dennica, etc.  Among the highest nobility the national language found powerful patrons; and in the establishment of a national Museum, a Bohemian Academy of Sciences, and similar patriotic institutions, the national literature received great encouragement.  One of the principal objects of this institution was to publish old works and to patronize new ones.  Its first publication was an old treatise on Bohemian law.[47] The names of the counts K. Sternberg and Kolowrath-Liebsteinsky must be mentioned here; to which, in our days, may be added those of the counts J.M. and Leo Thun.

The leading poet of the present day in the Bohemian language is J. Kollar, born 1793 at Thurocz in Hungary.  In 1821 he published a volume of poems; and some years later a larger beautiful poem in two cantos, called Slawy dzery, the Daughter of Glory, by which he meant Slavina, or the Slavic nations personified; for Slava means glory.  With talents of the first order, and at the same time purely national, he imitates Petrarch in some measure; making his nation his Laura, praising her beauty, and prophesying her ultimate triumph.[48]

The patriotic zeal which in our days has instigated the Slavic scholars to follow out the traces of their language and history into the remotest past, in order to clear up more satisfactorily the origin and primitive connection between the different members of the great Slavic family, and their relative position to the Germans, has nowhere been exhibited in a more energetic and disinterested way than in Bohemia.  The idea of Panslavism was here first worked out systematically.[49] If we are not entirely mistaken, it was the same Kollar, the Czekho-Slovakian poet, who first conceived, or at least expressed, that idea.  In a Slavic periodical, published in Hungary, entitled Hronka, he came out with an address to his Slavic brethren, which he himself translated into German.  He urged the Slavi to drop their numerous intellectual family feuds; to consider themselves as one great nation;