M. JULES LECHEVALIER, known in this country chiefly as one of the foreign Correspondents of The Tribune, but in Europe as an able writer on the Social Sciences, has recently delivered in Paris and Berlin, and in London, (where he is residing as a political exile,) a series of lectures, which will soon be given to the world in a volume, upon the subject of his favorite studies.  M. Lechevalier’s system, which he denominates “New Political Economy,” is based upon the principle of association, in opposition to that of competition and laissez-faire, which constitute the groundwork of the school of the present political economists.  In the course of his series he pointed out the gradual tendency of the competitive principle to produce extremes of riches and poverty, and ultimately revolutions, and maintained, that by the adoption of the associative principle alone, society can be preserved from confusion and destruction.  He contends that the new political economy, or Socialism, is essentially Conservative, while the present system of unlimited competition, or buying cheap and selling dear, is destructive, M. Lechevalier pretends to base his system on the moral principles of Christ, and maintains that Christianity cannot be practically carried out in any other way.  His lectures abound in examples of the working of the two opposing systems.

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The Doctrinal Tract and Book Society, Boston, are going forward in the work of re-publishing the old standard works of the New-England theology.  They have issued a fine edition of Bellamy and have procured an edition of Edwards the younger.  They are now about commencing the stereotyping of Catlin’s Compendium, and the whole works of Dr. Hopkins.  We wish they would go back a century further, and give us the best works of Mather and his contemporaries.

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There is a political novel by OTTO MULLER, of Manheim, announced, under the title Georg Volker:  ein Vreiheits Roman, which is said to give a faithful picture of the Baden revolution, and to open with the rise of the peasantry in the Ottenwald.

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THE DUC DE LA ROUCHEFOUCAULD’s celebrated “Moral Reflections, Sentences, and Maxims,” have just appeared in a new and very much improved translation, and with notes, pointing out similarities of sentiments in ancient and modern authors, and sometimes proving that Rochefoucauld’s good things have been made use of without sufficient acknowledgment, by moderns.  There is also an introduction, which dissertates well on the purpose and quality of the reflections.  Such books were once very popular; but in this country they have not been much read.  We have indeed had numerous editions of “Lacon,” and Dr. Bettner’s “Acton” has found a thousand purchasers; but the Rev. Dr. Hooker’s “Maxims,” which, in our opinion, are as good as anything of their kind in the English language, we believe have not attracted attention, and Mr. Simms’s “Egeria” has been printed only in the columns of a newspaper.