weighs somewhat above twenty pounds.  The hook is not in his mouth, but in the outside of it:  in which case a fish being able to respire freely, always shows extraordinary vigour, and generally sets his head down the stream.

“During the whole period of my experience in fishing, though I have had some sharp encounters, yet I never knew any sport equal to this.  I am out of breath even now, whenever I think of it.  I will trouble any surveyor to measure the distance from the Kingswell Lees, the starting spot, above Melrose bridge, to the end of the Cauld Pool, the death place, by Melrose church, and tell me how much less it is than a mile and three quarters,—­I say, I will trouble him to do so; and let him be a lover of the angle, that he may rather increase than diminish the distance, as in good feeling and respect for the craft it behoves him to do.”—­P. 174.

[Footnote 10:  A successful salmon-fly so named.]

On the subject of salmon leaps, most of us have both heard and seen much that was neither new nor true.  Mr Yarrell, a cautious unimaginative man, accustomed to quote Shakspeare as if the bard of Avon had been some quiet country clergyman who had taken his share in compiling the statistical account of Scotland, confines their saltatorial powers only within ten or twelve perpendicular feet.  We hold, with Mr Scrope, that even this is probably much beyond the mark.  He thinks he never saw a salmon spring out of the water above five feet perpendicular.

“There is a cauld at the mouth of the Leader water where it falls into the Tweed, which salmon never could spring over; this cauld I have lately had measured by a mason most carefully, and its height varies from five and a half to six feet from the level above to the level below it, according as the Tweed, into which the Leader falls, is more or less affected by the rains.  Hundreds of salmon formerly attempted to spring over this low cauld, but none could ever achieve the leap; so that a salmon in the Leader water was formerly a thing unheard of.  The proprietors of the upper water have made an opening in this cauld of late years, giving the owner of the mill some recompense, so that salmon now ascend freely.  Large fish can spring much higher than small ones; but their powers are limited or augmented according to the depth of water they spring from.  They rise rapidly from the very bottom to the surface of the water, by rowing and sculling as it were with fins and tail, and this powerful impetus bears them upwards in the air.  It is probably owing to a want of sufficient depth in the pool below the Leader water cauld, that prevented the fish from clearing it; because I know an instance where salmon have cleared a cauld of six feet belonging to Lord Sudely, who lately caused it to be measured for my satisfaction, though they were but few out of the numerous fish that attempted it that were able to do so.  I conceive, however, that