that the drainage of districts could be carried out
by the majority of the proprietors of any district
agreeing upon the drainage of such district, the minority
being bound by their acts. 2. A further announcement,
and a very striking one, was made by the Premier;
namely, that the Government intended to propose that
the State should undertake the reclamation of a portion
of the waste lands in Ireland; he alluded to various
reports of Commissions upon the reclamation of waste
lands, and to the works of eminent writers, who were
of opinion that, in many cases, the reclamation of
such waste lands would provide profitable employment
for large masses of the people; and would render land,
now valueless, of great value, as it would be made
capable of cultivation. He quoted Sir Robert
Kane (then Dr. Kane), who said, “in his most
interesting work on the Industrial Resources of Ireland,”
that the estimate, that 4,600,000 acres of waste land
might be reclaimed, and be reduced to the condition
of cultivated land, was by no means an exaggerated
estimate. “We propose, then, sir,”
continued Lord John, “to devote a million to
this purpose, and that the land reclaimed should, if
the proprietor is willing to part with it, be purchased
from him, but that if he does not improve it in the
method just before stated, by loan, or by his own
resources, and if he refuses to sell it, there
should be a compulsory power in the Commissioners of
Woods and Forests to take and improve all such waste
lands, so situated, as are below a certain annual
value, namely two and sixpence per acre.”
This announcement was received by the House with an
approving “hear, hear.” He went on
to say, that lands of this nature were only to be improved
and reclaimed so far as general operations were concerned,
such as the making of roads through them, general
drainage, and necessary buildings; that the lands
so reclaimed should be divided into lots, which should
not be below nor above a certain amount. Without
binding himself to any precise amount, he would say,
by way of illustration, not less than twenty-five,
and not more than fifty acres; that when so reclaimed
and subdivided, the lands might be either sold or
let to poor tenants for a certain number of years,
with the determination, that the portion thus let
should likewise be sold at the end of the term.
“I own, sir,” said his lordship, “that
I expect a very great advantage gradually to arise
from the adoption of this plan. I expect that
great numbers of persons, who have hitherto been driven
to despair, and many of them to crime, by the great
demand for land in Ireland, will earn a competent livelihood
from the produce of these lands. I think, likewise,
with regard to those who will purchase the lands,
so reclaimed and improved, that there will arise
a class of small proprietors, who will form a very
valuable class in the social fabric of Ireland.”
He further expressed his opinion, that he did not
think that small holdings were the great evil of Ireland,