24. How many sounds has O?
  Three.

  25. What are they?
  Long, Short, and Slender.

  26. How many sounds has U?
  Three.

  27. What are they?
  Long, Short, and Medial.

  28. How many sounds has B?
  One; as heard in the word babe.

  29. How many sounds has C?
  None that may be properly called its own.

  30. How many sounds has D?
  One; as heard in the word did.

  31. How many sounds has F?
  One; as heard in the word flew.

  32. How many sounds has G?
  Two; as heard in the words go and age.

  33. How many sounds has H?
  One; as heard in the word high.

  34. How many sounds has J?
  None of its own, but represents one; the sound of G.

  35. How many sounds has K?
  One; as heard in the word key.

  36. How many sounds has L?
  One; as heard in the word lily.

  37. How many sounds has M?
  One; as heard in the word money.

  38. How many sounds has N?
  One; as heard in the word nat.

  39. How many sounds has P?
  One; as heard in the word pie.

  40. How many sounds has R?
  One; as heard in the word roar. (REM.—­Some authors give r three
          sounds.)

  41. How many sounds has S?
  One; as heard in the word same.

  42. How many sounds has T?
  One; as heard in the word tight.

  43. How many sounds has V?
  One; as heard in the word view.

  44. How many sounds has W?
  One; as heard in the word we.

  45. How many sounds has X?
  None of its own, as it is a redundant letter.

  46. How many sounds has Z?
  One; as heard in the word ooze.

  47. How many sounds has Th?
  Two; as heard in the words thigh and the.

  48. How many sounds has Ch?
  One; as heard in the word church.

  49. How many sounds has Sh?
  One; as heard in the word ash.

  50. How many sounds has Zh?
  One obscurely; represented by si in such words as fusion, zi
          in glazier.

  51. How many sounds has Wh?
  One; as heard in the word what.

  52. How many sounds has Ng?
  One; as heard in the word sing.

  53. What are regular sounds?
  The long sounds of the letters.

SUBSTITUTES.

  1. What is a Substitute?
  A letter representing a sound usually represented by another.

  2. What are Equivalent letters?
  Letters representing the same sound.

  3. What properties do Substitutes assume?
  The properties of the letter whose sound it represents.