in 1646 to be tutor to young Charles, had been obliged to leave that connexion, ostensibly at least, in 1651 or 1652.  The occasion is said to have been the publication of his Leviathan.  That famous book of 1651, like its two predecessors of 1650, Human Nature and De Corpore Politico, he had found it convenient to publish in London, where the Commonwealth authorities do not seem to have made the least objection.  But by this time Hobbes’s infidelity, or Atheism, or Hobbism, or whatever it was, had become a dreadful notoriety in the world; and, when Hobbes presented a fine copy of his great book to Charles II., that pious young prince had been instructed by the Royalist divines about him that it would not do to countenance either Mr. Hobbes or his books any longer.  Charles retained privately all his own real regard for his old tutor, and Hobbes perfectly understood that; but the hint had been taken.  Back in England at last, and permitted to live in the house of his old pupil and patron, the Earl of Devonshire, where his only annoyance was the society of the Earl’s chaplain, Jasper Mayne, he had found the Protectorate comfortable enough for all his purposes, and had been publishing new books under it, including his pungent disputations with ex-Bishop Bramhall on Liberty and Necessity and with Wallis of Oxford on Mathematics.[1]—­Hobbes’s friend DAVENANT had for some time been less lucky. His return to England had been involuntary.  He had been captured at sea in 1650 on his way to Virginia (Vol.  IV. p. 193), had been a prisoner in the Isle of Wight and in the Tower and in danger of trial for his life, and had been released only by strong intercession in his favour, in which Milton is thought to have helped.  This result, however, had reconciled him, and Davenant too had become one of the subjects of the Protectorate.  Nay he had struck out an ingenious mode of livelihood for himself under Cromwell, somewhat in his old line of business.  “At that time,” says Wood, “tragedies and comedies being esteemed very scandalous by the Presbyterians, and therefore by them silenced, he contrived a way to set up an Italian Opera, to be performed by declamations and music; and, that they might be performed with all decency, seemliness, and without rudeness and profaneness, John Maynard, serjeant-at-law, and several sufficient citizens, were engagers.  This Italian Opera began in Rutland House in Charter-house yard, May 23, 1656, and was afterwards transferred to the Cockpit in Drury Lane.”  Cromwell’s own fondness for music may have prompted him to this relaxation, in Davenants favour, of the old theatre-closing Ordinance of September 1642.  At all events, money was coming in for Davenant, and he was not very unhappy.[2]—­The Satirist JOHN CLEVELAND, as we have said, had never gone into exile.  This was the more remarkable because, through the Civil War, he had adhered to the King’s cause most tenaciously, not only in official employment for it, but also serving it by the circulation