satisfied or beguiled for the moment the so-called
Republicanism now again rampant among the inferior
Army-men. But there was no money; Government
in any form was at a deadlock until money could be
raised; and how was that to be effected? The
Wallingford-House magnates did meditate for an instant
whether they should not try to raise money by their
own authority, but concluded that the experiment would
be too desperate, and that, for this reason, if for
no other, some kind of Parliament must be at once
set up.—But what Parliament? Here they
had not far to seek. For the last month or more,
placards on all the walls of London, the very cries
of news-boys in the streets, had been telling them
what Parliament. We have several times quoted
the phrase “The Good Old Cause,” as coming
gradually into use after Oliver’s death, and
passing to and fro in documents and speeches.
But no one can describe now the force and frequency
of that phrase in London and throughout England in
April 1659 and for months afterwards. If two
men passed you in the street, you heard the words “the
good old cause” from one of them; every second
or third pamphlet in the booksellers’ shops
had “The Good Old Cause” on its title-page
or running through its text; veterans rolled out the
phrase sonorously in their nightly prayers, or went
to sleep mumbling it. One notes constantly in
the history of any country this phenomenon of the
expression of a great wave of feeling in some single
popular phrase, generally worn out in a few months;
but the present is a peculiarly remarkable instance.
The phrase, in itself, was ambiguous. One might
have supposed “the good old cause” to be
the cause of Royalty and the Stuarts. This was
an ironical advantage; for the phrase was a Republican,
and even a Regicide, invention. It meant, as we
have passingly explained, the pure Republican constitution
which had been founded on the Regicide and which lasted
till Cromwell’s dissolution of the Rump on the
20th of April, 1653. It proclaimed that Cromwell’s
Interim Dictatorship and Protectorate had been an interruption
of the natural course of things, dexterously leaving
it an open question whether that interruption had
been necessary or justifiable, but calling on all
men, now that Oliver was dead and his greatness gone
with him, to regard his rule as exceptional and extraordinary,
and to revert to the old Commonwealth. It involved,
therefore, a very exact answer to the question which
the Wallingford-House magnates were now pondering.
A Parliament was wanted: what other Parliament
could it be than the Rump restored? Let that
very Assembly which Cromwell had dissolved on the
20th of April, 1653, resume their places now, treat
the six years of interval as a dream, and carry on
the Government.—With this course prescribed
to them by the very clamours that were in the air,
and pressed upon them by Ludlow, Vane, Hasilrig, and
the more strenuously Republican men of the Army-Council
itself, Fleetwood, Desborough, and the other magnates