other as friends usually do; and, when the Protector
put on his hat, the Ambassador put on his as soon
as the other. After a little pause, the Ambassador
put off his hat, and began to speak, and then put
it on again; and, whensoever in his speech he named
the King his master, or Sweden, or the Protector, or
England, he moved his hat: especially if he
mentioned anything of God, or the good of Christendom,
he put off his hat very low; and the Protector still
answered him in the like postures of civility.”
The speech, which was in Swedish, but immediately
translated into Latin by the Ambassador’s
secretary, was to the effect that the King of Sweden
desired to propound to His Highness some matters for
additional treaty. Cromwell’s reply, delivered
in English, which the Ambassador understood, was
to the effect that he was very willing to enter
into “a nearer and more strict alliance”
with the King of Sweden and would nominate some
persons to hear Count Bundt’s proposals.—All
this had been in the last days of July 1655; but,
though there had been subsequent audiences of the
Ambassador, and banquets given to him and the other
chief Swedes by the Protector himself at Hampton
Court, August had passed, and September, and October,
and November, and still the actual Treaty had been
avoided. Other things engrossed the Protector—the
Treaty with France, the West-India Expedition, the
beginning of the War with Spain, &c. But in
Count Bundt there had been sent to Cromwell perhaps
the most high-tempered ambassador he had ever seen.
Immediately after the first audience, Dorset House,
in Fleet Street, taken and furnished at the Ambassador’s
own expense, had become the head-quarters of the
Embassy; and here, as month after month had passed
without approach to real business, his impatience
had flashed into fierceness. It broke out in
his talk to Whitlocke, who took every opportunity
of being with him, the rather because other “grandees”
held aloof. “No Commissioners being yet
come to the Swedish Ambassador,” writes Whitlocke,
under date Dec. 1655, “he grew into some high
expressions of his sense of the neglect to his master
by this delay; which I did endeavour to excuse, and
acquainted the Protector with it, who thereupon promised
to have it mended.” In truth, the warlike
Swedish King had become by this time a man whose
embassy compelled attention. “Letters of the
success of the Swedes in Poland and Lithuania,”
“Letters of the Swedes’ victory against
the Muscovites,” “The Swedes had good success
in Poland and Moscovia,” “An Agreement
made between the King of Sweden and the Elector
of Brandenburg:” such had been pieces of
foreign news recently coming in. Accordingly,
in January 1655-6, Whitlocke, Fiennes, Strickland,
and Sir Gilbert Pickering, had been empowered, on
the Protector’s part, to treat with Count Bundt,
and the Treaty had begun.—There were
preliminary difficulties, however. Cromwell
wanted a Treaty that should include the Dutch and
the King of Denmark, and be, in fact, a League of