The first thing which we settled about the winter which lay ahead of us was that, so far as possible, everything should go on as usual.  The scientific work must of course be continued, and there were the dogs and mules to be looked after:  a night-watch to be kept and the meteorological observations and auroral notes to be taken.  Owing to our reduced numbers we should need the help of the seamen for this purpose.  We were also to bring out another volume of the South Polar Times on Mid-winter Day.  The importance of not allowing any sense of depression to become a part of the atmosphere of our life was clear to all.  This was all the more necessary when, as we shall see, the constant blizzards confined us week after week to our hut.  Even when we did get a fine day we were almost entirely confined to the rocky cape for our exercise and walks.  When there was sea-ice it was most unsafe.

Atkinson was in command:  in addition, he and Dimitri took over the care of the dogs.  Many of these, both those which had been out sledging and those just arrived, were in a very poor state, and a dog hospital was soon built.  At this date we had 24 dogs left from the last year, and 11 dogs brought down recently by the ship:  three of the new dogs had already died.  Lashly was in charge of the seven mules, which were allotted to seven men for exercise:  Nelson was to continue his marine biological work:  Wright was to be meteorologist as well as chemist and physicist:  Gran was in charge of stores, and would help Wright in the meteorological observations:  Debenham was geologist and photographer.  I was ordered to take a long rest, but could do the zoological work, the South Polar Times, and keep the Official Account of the Expedition from day to day.  Crean was in charge of sledging stores and equipment.  Archer was cook.  Hooper, our domestic, took over in addition the working of the acetylene plant.  There was plenty of work for our other two seamen, Keohane and Williamson, in the daily life of the camp and in preparations for the sledging season to come.

The blizzard which threatened us all the way from Hut Point on May 1 broke soon after we got in.  The ice in North Bay, which had been frozen for some time, was taken out on the first day of this blizzard, with the exception of a small strip running close along the shore.  The rest followed the next afternoon, when the wind was still rising, and blew in the gusts up to 89 miles an hour.  The curious thing was that all this time the air had been quite clear.

This was the second day of the blizzard.  The wind continued in violence as the night wore on, and it began to snow, becoming very thick.  From 3 A.M. to 4 A.M. the wind was so strong that there was a continuous rattle of sand and stones up against the wall of the hut.  The greater part of the time the anemometer head was choked by the drifting snow, and Debenham, whose night-watch it was, had a bad time in clearing it at 4 A.M.  During the