Before setting out on December 11 we rigged up the Lower Glacier Depot, three weekly Summit units of provisions, two cases of emergency biscuit which was the ration for three weekly units, and two cans of oil.  These provisions were calculated to carry the three returning parties as far as the Southern Barrier Depot.  We also left one can of spirit, used for lighting the primus, one bottle of medical brandy and certain spare and personal gear not required.  On the sledges themselves we stowed eighteen weekly Summit units, besides the three ready bags containing the ration for the current week, and the complement of biscuit, for this was ten cases in addition to the three boxes of biscuit which the three parties were using.  Then there were eighteen cans of oil, with two cans of lighting spirit and a little additional Christmas fare which Bowers had packed.  Every unit of food was worked out for four men for one week.

[Illustration:  TRANSIT SKETCH FOR THE LOWER GLACIER DEPOT.—­E.  A. Wilson, del.  Emery Walker Limited, Collotypers.]

During this time of deep snow the sledge-meters would not work and we were compelled to estimate the distance marched each day.  “It has been a tremendous slog, but I think a most hopeful day.  Before starting it took us about two hours to make the depot and then we got straight into the midst of the big pressure.  The dogs, with ten cases of biscuit, came behind and pulled very well.  We soon caught sight of a big boulder, and Bill and I roped up and went over to it.  It was a block of very coarse granite, nearly gneiss, with large crystals of quartz in it, rusty outside and quite pinkish when chipped, and with veins of quartz running through it.  It was a vast thing to be carried along on the ice, and looked very typical of the rock round.  Instead of keeping under the great cliff where Shackleton made his depot, we steered for Mount Kyffin, that is towards the middle of the glacier, until lunch, when we had probably done about two or three miles.  There was a crevasse wherever we went, but we managed to pull on ski and had no one down, and the deep snow saved the dogs."[222] The dog-teams were certainly running very big risks that morning.  They turned back after lunch, having been brought on far longer than had been originally intended, for, as I have said, they were to have been back at Hut Point before now, and their provision allowance would not allow of further advance.  Perhaps we rather overestimated the dogs’ capacities when Bowers wrote:  “The dogs are wonderfully fit and will rush Meares and Dimitri back like the wind.  I expect he will be nearly back by Christmas, as they will do about thirty miles a day.”  But Meares told us when we got back to the hut that the dogs had by no means had an easy journey home.  Now, however, “with a whirl and a rush they were off on the homeward trail.  I could not see them (being snow-blind), but heard the familiar orders as the last of our animal transport left us."[223]