Before we went South people were always saying, “You will get fed up with one another.  What will you do all the dark winter?” As a matter of fact the difficulty was to get through with the work.  Often after working all through a long night-watch officers carried on as a matter of course through the following day in order to clear off arrears.  There was little reading or general relaxation during the day:  certainly not before supper, if at all.  And while no fixed hours for work were laid down, the custom was general that all hours between breakfast and supper should be so used.

Our small company was desperately keen to obtain results.  The youngest and most cynical pessimist must have had cause for wonder to see a body of healthy and not unintellectual men striving thus single-mindedly to add their small quota of scientific and geographical knowledge to the sum total of the world—­with no immediate prospect of its practical utility.  Laymen and scientists alike were determined to attain the objects to gain which they had set forth.

And I believe that in a vague intangible way there was an ideal in front of and behind this work.  It is really not desirable for men who do not believe that knowledge is of value for its own sake to take up this kind of life.  The question constantly put to us in civilization was and still is:  “What is the use?  Is there gold? or Is there coal?” The commercial spirit of the present day can see no good in pure science:  the English manufacturer is not interested in research which will not give him a financial return within one year:  the city man sees in it only so much energy wasted on unproductive work:  truly they are bound to the wheel of conventional life.

Now unless a man believes that such a view is wrong he has no business to be ‘down South.’  Our magnetic and meteorological work may, I suppose, have a fairly immediate bearing upon commerce and shipping:  otherwise I cannot imagine any branch of our labours which will do more at present than swell the central pool of unapplied knowledge.  The members of this expedition believed that it was worth while to discover new land and new life, to reach the Southern Pole of the earth, to make elaborate meteorological and magnetic observations and extended geological surveys with all the other branches of research for which we were equipped.  They were prepared to suffer great hardship; and some of them died for their beliefs.  Without such ideals the spirit which certainly existed in our small community would have been impossible.

But if the reasons for this happy state of our domestic life were due largely to the adaptability and keenness of the members of our small community, I doubt whether the frictions which have caused other expeditions to be less comfortable than they might have been, would have been avoided in our case, had it not been for the qualities in some of our men which set a fashion of hard work without any thought of personal gain.