Art. 9.  The people have the right to attend examinations held for securing officials and to join the public service in accordance with the provisions of law.

Art. 10.  The people have the right to vote and to be voted for in accordance with the provisions of law.

Art. 11.  The people have the obligation to pay taxes according to the provisions of law.

Art. 12.  The people have the obligation to serve in a military capacity in accordance with the provisions of law.

Art. 13.  The provisions made in this Chapter, except when in conflict with the Army or Naval orders and rules, shall be applicable to military and naval men.

CHAPTER III.—­THE PRESIDENT

Art. 14.  The President is the Head of the nation, and controls the power of the entire administration.

Art. 15.  The President represents the Chung Hua Min Kuo.

Art. 16.  The President is responsible to the entire body of citizens.

Art. 17.  The President convokes the Li Fa Yuan, declares the opening, the suspension and the closing of the sessions.

The President may dissolve the Li Fa Yuan with the approval of the Tsan Cheng Yuan; but in that case he must have the new members elected and the House convoked within six months from the day of dissolution.

Art. 18.  The President shall submit Bills of Law and the Budget to the Li Fa Yuan.

Art. 19.  For the purposes of improving the public welfare or enforcing law or in accordance with the duties imposed upon him by law, the President may issue orders and cause orders to be issued, but he shall not alter the law by his order.

Art. 20.  In order to maintain public peace or to prevent extraordinary calamities at a time of great emergency when time will not permit the convocation of the Li Fa Yuan, the President may, with the approval of the Tsan Cheng Yuan [Senate], issue provisional orders which shall have the force of law; but in that case he shall ask the Li Fa Yuan [House of Representatives] for indemnification at its next session.

The provisional orders mentioned above shall immediately become void when they are rejected by the Li Fa Yuan.

Art. 21.  The President shall fix the official systems and official regulations.  The President shall appoint and dismiss military and civil officials.

Art. 22.  The President shall declare war and conclude peace.

Art. 23.  The President is the Commander-in-Chief of, and controls, the Army and Navy of the whole country.  The President shall decide the system of organization and the respective strength of the Army and Navy.

Art. 24.  The President shall receive the Ambassadors and Ministers of the foreign countries.

Art. 25.  The President makes treaties.

But the approval of the Li Fa Yuan must be secured if the articles should change the territories or increase the burdens of the citizens.