of it in their missionary expeditions, and it was a ludicrous result of their patronage that its use should have been for a long time opposed by Protestants and favored by Catholics.  In 1679, Louis XIV. bought the secret of preparing quinquina from Sir Robert Talbor, an English doctor, for two thousand louis-d’or, a large pension and a title.  Under the Grand Monarch it was used at dessert, mingled with Spanish wine.  The delay of its discovery until the seventeenth century has probably lost to the world numbers of valuable lives.  Had Alexander the Great, who died of the common remittent fever of Babylon, been acquainted with cinchona bark, his death would have been averted and the partition of the Macedonian empire indefinitely postponed.  Oliver Cromwell was carried off by an ague, which the administration of quinine would easily have cured.  The bigotry of medical science, even after its efficacy was known and proved, for a long time retarded its dissemination.  In 1726, La Fontaine, at the instance of a lady who owed her life to it, the countess of Bouillon, composed a poem in two cantos to celebrate its virtues; but the remarkable beauty of the leaves of the cinchona and the delicious fragrance of its flowers, with allusions to which he might have adorned his verses, were still unknown in Europe.

The cinchonas under favorable circumstances become large trees:  at present, however, in any of the explored and exploited regions of their growth, the shoots or suckers of the plants are all that remain.  Wherever they abound they form the handsomest foliage of the forest.  The leaves are lanceolate, glossy and vividly green, traversed by rich crimson veins:  the flowers hang in clustering pellicles, like lilacs, of deep rose-color, and fill the vicinity with rich perfume.  Nineteen varieties of cinchonae have been established by Doctor Weddell.  The cascarilleros of South America divide the species into a category of colors, according to the tinge of the bark:  there are yellow, red, orange, violet, gray and white cinchonas.  The yellow, among which figure the Cinchona calisaya, lancifolia, condaminea, micrantha, pubescens, etc., are placed in the first rank:  the red, orange and gray are less esteemed.  This arrangement is in proportion to the abundance of the alkaloid quinine, now used in medicine instead of the bark itself.

The specimens found by the examinador were carefully wrapped in blankets, and the march was resumed.  After a slippery descent of the side of Huaynapata and the passage of a considerable number of babbling streams—­each of which gave new occasion for the colonel to show his ingenuity in getting over dry shod, and so sparing his threatening rheumatism—­the cry of “Sausipata!” was uttered by Pepe Garcia.  Two neat mud cabins, each provided with a door furnished with the unusual luxury of a wooden latch, marked the plantation of Sausipata.  The situation was level, and within the enclosing walls