[Footnote 131:  This was still further assured by the first elections under the new system being postponed till 1801; the functionaries chosen by the Consuls were then placed on the lists of notabilities of the nation without vote.  The constitution was put in force Dec. 25th, 1799.]

[Footnote 132:  Roederer, “Oeuvres,” vol. iii., p. 303.  He was the go-between for Bonaparte and Sieyes.]

[Footnote 133:  See the “Souvenirs” of Mathieu Dumas for the skilful manner in which Bonaparte gained over the services of this constitutional royalist and employed him to raise a body of volunteer horse.]

[Footnote 134:  “Lettres inedites de Napoleon,” February 21st, 1800; “Memoires du General d’Andigne,” ch. xv.; Madelin’s “Fouche,” p. 306.]

[Footnote 135:  “Georges Cadoudal,” par son neveu, G. de Cadoudal; Hyde de Neuville, vol. i., p. 305.]

[Footnote 136:  Talleyrand, “Mems.,” vol. i., part ii.; Marmont, bk. v.]

[Footnote 137:  “F.O.,” Austria, No. 58; “Castlereagh’s Despatches,” v. ad init. Bowman, in his excellent monograph, “Preliminary Stages of the Peace of Amiens” (Toronto, 1899), has not noted this.]

[Footnote 138:  “Nap.  Correspond.,” February 27th 1800; Thugut, “Briefe” vol. ii., pp. 444-446; Oncken, “Zeitalter,” vol. ii. p. 45.]

[Footnote 139:  A Foreign Office despatch, dated Downing Street, February 8th, 1800, to Vienna, promised a loan and that 15,000 or 20,000 British troops should be employed in the Mediterranean to act in concert with the Austrians there, and to give “support to the royalist insurrections in the southern provinces of France.”  No differences of opinion respecting Piedmont can be held a sufficient excuse for the failure of the British Government to fulfil this promise—­a failure which contributed to the disaster at Marengo.]

[Footnote 140:  Thiers attributes this device to Bonaparte; but the First Consul’s bulletin of May 24th ascribes it to Marmont and Gassendi.]

[Footnote 141:  Marbot, “Mems.,” ch. ix.; Allardyce, “Memoir of Lord Keith,” ch. xiii.; Thiebault’s “Journal of the Blockade of Genoa.”]

[Footnote 142:  That Melas expected such a march is clear from a letter of his of May 23rd, dated from Savillan, to Lord Keith, which I have found in the “Brit.  Admiralty Records” (Mediterranean, No. 22), where he says:  “L’ennemi a cerne le fort de Bard et s’est avance jusque sous le chateau d’Ivree.  Il est clair que son but est de delivrer Massena.”]

[Footnote 143:  Bonaparte did not leave Milan till June 9th:  see “Correspondance” and the bulletin of June 10th.  Jomini places his departure for the 7th, and thereby confuses his description for these two days.  Thiers dates it on June 8th.]