[Footnote 124:  Lettow-Vorbeck estimates the French loss at more than 24,000; that of the Russians as still heavier, but largely owing to the bad commissariat and wholesale straggling.  On this see Sir R. Wilson’s “Campaign in Poland,” ch. i.]

[Footnote 125:  Napoleon on February 13th charged Bertrand to offer verbally, but not in writing, to the King of Prussia a separate peace, without respect to the Czar.  Frederick William was to be restored to his States east of the Elbe.  He rejected the offer, which would have broken his engagements to the Czar.  Napoleon repeated the offer on February 20th, which shows that, at this crisis, he did wish for peace with Prussia.  See “Nap.  Corresp.,” No. 11810; and Hausser, vol. iii., p. 74.]

[Footnote 126:  “I have been repeatedly pressed by the Prussian and Russian Governments,” wrote Lord Hutchinson, our envoy at Memel, March 9th, 1807, “on the subject of a diversion to be made by British troops against Mortier....  Stettin is a large place with a small garrison and in a bad state of defence” ("F.O.,” Prussia, No. 74). in 1805 Pitt promised to send a British force to Stralsund (see p. 17).]

[Footnote 127:  Lord Cathcart’s secret report to the War Office, dated April 22nd, 1807, dealt with the appeal made by Lord Hutchinson, and with a Projet of Dumouriez, both of whom strongly urged the expedition to Stralsund.  On May 30th Castlereagh received a report from a Hanoverian officer, Kuckuck, stating that Hanover and Hesse were ripe for revolt, and that Hameln might easily be seized if the North Germans were encouraged by an English force ("Castlereagh Letters,” vol. vi., pp. 169 and 211).]

[Footnote 128:  “F.O.,” Russia, No. 69.]

[Footnote 129:  “Correspond.,” No. 12563; also “La Mission du Gen. Gardane en Perse,” par le comte de Gardane.  Napoleon in his proclamation of December 2nd, 1806, told the troops that their victories had won for France her Indian possessions and the Cape of Good Hope.]

[Footnote 130:  Wilson, “Campaign in Poland”; “Operations du 3eme Corps [Davoust’s], 1806-1807,” p. 199.]

[Footnote 131:  “Corresp.,” Nos. 12749 and 12751.  Lejeune, in his “Memoirs,” also shows that Napoleon’s chief aim was to seize Koenigsberg.]

[Footnote 132:  “Memoirs of Oudinot,” ch. i]

[Footnote 133:  The report is dated Memel, June 21st, 1807, in “F.O.,” Prussia, No. 74.  Hutchinson thinks the Russians had not more than 45,000 men engaged at Friedland, and that their losses did not exceed 15,000:  but there were “multitudes of stragglers.”  Lettow-Vorbeck gives about the same estimates.  Those given in the French bulletin are grossly exaggerated.]

[Footnote 134:  On June 17th, 1807, Queen Louisa wrote to her father:”  ... we fall with honour.  The King has proved that he prefers honour to shameful submission.”  On June 23rd Bennigsen professed a wish to fight, while secretly advising surrender (Hardenberg, “Mems.,” vol. iii., p. 469).]