[Footnote 113:  “Nap.  Corresp.,” November 21st, 1807; Baron Lumbroso’s “Napoleone I e l’Inghilterra,” p. 103; Garden, vol. x., p. 307.]

[Footnote 114:  This decree, of 10 Brumaire, an V, is printed in full, and commented on by Lumbroso, op. cit., p. 49.  See too Sorel, “L’Europe et la Rev. Fr.,” vol. iii., p. 389; and my article, “Napoleon and English Commerce,” in the “Eng.  Hist.  Rev.” of October, 1893.]

[Footnote 115:  This phrase occurs, I believe, first in the conversation of Napoleon on May 1st, 1803:  “We will form a more complete coast-system, and England shall end by shedding tears of blood” (Miot de Melito, “Mems.,” vol. i., chap. xiv.).]

[Footnote 116:  E.g., Fauchille, “Du Blocus maritime,” pp. 93 et seq.]

[Footnote 117:  See especially the pamphlet “War in Disguise, or the Frauds of the Neutral Flags” (1805), by J. Stephen.  It has been said that this pamphlet was a cause of the Orders in Council.  The whole question is discussed by Manning, “Commentaries on the Law of Nations” (1875); Lawrence, “International Law”; Mahan, “Infl. of Sea Power,” vol. ii., pp. 274-277; Mollien, vol. iii., p. 289 (first edit.); and Chaptal, p. 275.]

[Footnote 118:  Hausser, vol. iii., p. 61 (4th edit.).  The Saxon federal contingent was fixed at 20,000 men.]

[Footnote 119:  Papers presented to Parliament, December 22nd, 1806.]

[Footnote 120:  After the interview of November 28th, 1801, Cornwallis reports that Napoleon “expressed a wish that we could agree to remove disaffected persons from either country ... and declared his willingness to send away United Irishmen” ("F.O.  Records,” No. 615).]

[Footnote 121:  Czartoryski, “Mems.,” vol. ii., ch. xv.]

[Footnote 122:  In our “F.O.  Records,” Prussia, No. 74, is a report of Napoleon’s reply to a deputation at Warsaw (January, 1807):  “I warn you that neither I nor any French prince cares for your Polish throne:  I have crowns to give and don’t know what to do with them.  You must first of all think of giving bread to my soldiers—­’Bread, bread, bread.’ ...  I cannot support my troops in this country, where there is no one besides nobles and miserable peasants.  Where are your great families?  They are all sold to Russia.  It is Czartoryski who wrote to Kosciusko not to come back to Poland.”  And when a Galician deputy asked him of the fate of his province, he turned on him:  “Do you think that I will draw on myself new foes for one province.”  Nevertheless, the enthusiasm of the Poles was not wholly chilled.  Their contingents did good service for him.  Somewhat later, female devotion brought a beautiful young Polish lady to act as his mistress, primarily with the hope of helping on the liberation of her land, and then as a willing captive to the charm which he exerted on all who approached him.  Their son was Count Walewska]

[Footnote 123:  Marbot, ch. xxviii.]