Translations:  The first, fourth, fifth, and most of the sixth, are translated by Robert W. Haight; the second, by Rachel King; the third, and part of the sixth and seventh, by James A. Robertson; most of the seventh, by Jose M. and Clara M. Asensio; the eighth, by Helen E. Thomas.

Letter from Juan Ronquillo to Antonio de Morga

In my last letter, which I sent you by Captain Luys de Villafana, who left this island on the first of August, I described the need that we were in, and the investigations on account of the failure of the arms to arrive.  Although he was wrecked on the way, I have understood that the papers reached there, having been wet, but in such shape as to be legible.  Thus far I have seen no answer, either to this despatch, or to those sent on the thirteenth of May and the first of July, from the lord governor, or from your Grace.  It leaves me quite undecided and uncertain as to what I am to do.  While the aid awaited was being sent on, our need was becoming more pressing, to such an extent that I even abandoned the work, dropped the pacification, and ran the whole fleet aground, so that all the men could busy themselves with gathering landan for food.  It seemed to me more important not to abandon the foothold that we had gained in the country, than to get more land, and risk losing it all.  Further, it was impossible to provide the men from so few rations; and with so small provision and less support, and large appetites, it looked to me as if they would be forced to leave.  I finally resolved to tell them not to be impatient to turn their prows about, or to hope for Manila; for here we should live or die.  Thereupon I embarked the next day and went up the river to cut landan; [4] for I felt myself fortunate if I could get plenty of this even.  We passed several days in this way, and when it appeared to me that the men were settled, and less anxious about the proposed movement, I had a few vessels launched; and in them I sent two captains with fifty men to the villages of Lumaguan, who is the most friendly to us, that they might be fed there, and together with the natives reconnoiter some of the enemies’ villages in the neighborhood.  When they were setting out against the latter one night, they attacked the very friends who were guiding them, and killed several.  They had thought that they were being deceived, and betrayed to the enemy.  The mistake made much trouble, and it would have been worse if they had not taken the utmost pains to remedy it, giving satisfaction to the injured, making them presents, and giving them whatever they had with them.  As they were truly friendly to us, this sufficed to put them on the former footing, as they have since demonstrated in all earnestness.  So I persevered in the undertaking, changing, however, the leader whom I had sent; and it pleased God that this expedition should be the beginning of so much good fortune as