was given them, and laded after their own fashion, I have arrested them.  The citizens of this city have brought in complaints of them and many claims have been filed against them.  I am receiving testimony thereof, in order to punish them according to their crimes.  I have always tried, from the day I entered, to govern as your Majesty was pleased to command me, and to protect this commonwealth and the poor in it, even with my own property; and it is well known in these parts that I have done this so far as lay in my power.

29. That a port called El Pinar, has been opened at Canton, where Spanish ships may go with safety to trade with China, for which there is a chapa [i.e., “passport"].

By clause 21 of the instruction for my government, your Majesty gives permission for certain citizens of this island to trade—­if that seem best to me, and with the consent of the royal Audiencia—­in the neighboring kingdoms where trade and traffic with these islands is permitted.  With this basis, and the knowledge that the Chinese do not resist the coming of the Spaniards as they have hitherto done, and considering the importance of the opening of this port in that country, so that the preaching of the holy gospel might enter there, which is your Majesty’s desire, I determined last year to give a license to Don Juan de Camudio to go (in his own vessel, at his own expense) to the province of Canton, and establish in the best way possible his enterprise; and to bring certain metals and other articles which we were lacking, for the royal stores of these islands.  He made the voyage and carried out this mission.  Besides this, he opened at Canton a port for the Spaniards in China, which is called El Pinar, although he was greatly opposed by the Portuguese of Macao; and the Spaniards were left there to go to trade in Canton—­a house being given them inside the city, and a chapa to come back and settle there whenever they might wish to.  With this despatch and some merchandise, the said Don Juan came back to these islands well content.

30. That a ship is being sent to Canton, to follow up the good beginning made there by the Spaniards.

This year, in continuation of the beginning which Don Juan Camudio has made in China, I have agreed with the opinion of the royal Audiencia that it was therefore best to send another ship, well equipped with artillery and arms.  This vessel will sail very soon, and has for captain Joan Tello y Aguirre; and it will cause no expense to the royal exchequer.  I hope in our Lord that a way is about to be opened up for what is desired for so great and powerful realms.

31. That the king of Sian, desiring trade for his realms with the Spaniards, sent an embassy to them, which was well received; and that he treated Joan Tello very well, and opened a port at the city of Odia.