be levied on provisions and munitions brought to Manila by foreigners.  Various other clauses are practically the duplicates of instructions given to Gomez Dasmarinas.  Agriculture must be encouraged in every way.  The convent for girls is to be aided and encouraged.  Encomiendas may not be sold or transferred to other holders, but should be made large enough to support both the encomendero and the instruction of the natives.  The Indians should be settled in “reductions” like those of the American colonies, where they may be sufficiently instructed.  Justice is not to be severe, and litigation is not to be encouraged.  Religious will be provided as needed, and hence the priests are to publish no objections to the taking of tributes.  Soldiers are to be well employed, receiving pay only when they have no other income, and being exempt from arrest for debt.  Captains have authority only over soldiers, and the military must treat the Indians kindly.  The forts and fortifications must be maintained, and a watch kept constantly against enemies, who are enumerated, “especially the English Lutherans.”  Reports as to the possibility of new conquests are desired, but no such enterprises must be undertaken without circumspection and justification.  As the soldiers are now fairly paid, there is no need of spoliation in conquests.  The regions nearest Manila must be conquered, for there is rebellion now in the heart of Luzon.  Encouragement is given to extend conquests from the Liu Kiu Islands to Java, Borneo, and the Moluccas.  The expense is to be borne by the royal exchequer, so far as shall be necessary, although the plan of rewarding the conquerors from the conquered territory is to be followed.  The Indians are to have the right of paying their tributes in any goods at their own option, to avoid extortion.  The religious must not go to China or elsewhere, but must do the work among the Indians for which they were sent to the islands.  The Chinese suffer oppression and extortion from the customs officers; this must be corrected.  Encomenderos and citizens are not to leave the islands without permission, on pain of confiscation of encomiendas.  Trade between the islands and China is not to be given up, in spite of objections made by the Portuguese.  Effort shall be made to teach the Castilian language to the Indians.  The governor must maintain cordial relations with the new Audiencia and with the ecclesiastics.

Luis Perez Dasmarinas prays the king (June 30, 1596) for permission to lade a small vessel for Peru, that he may make enough to pay off his debts.  An answer is deferred until after the residencia in his case and his father’s be taken.  Morga writes to Felipe ii (July 6, 1596) a general report.  The country in general is at peace, and fears from Japan have been removed by the calming influence of the Franciscans there.  Figueroa has been killed in Mindanao, leaving an estate sufficient to carry on the expedition, and infant heirs to his prospective