[24] The maravedi was a money of account; thirty-four made a real (see Vol.  III, p. 177).  A royal decree dated June 14, 1595, granted to Santibanez an annuity of 500,000 maravedis from Salazar’s death until such time as his successor should enter upon his duties as archbishop.

[25] By bulls given at Rome, August 14, 1595, the bishoprics of Nueva Segovia, Cebu, and Nueva Caceres were established.  The right of changing the boundaries of the dioceses was reserved to the papal nuncio in Spain; and the patronage was granted (as in the new archbishopric of Manila) to the king of Spain.

[26] Better known as Yuthia (a name corrupted from the Sanscrit); it was the ancient capital of Siam, and lies on the river Meinam, fifty-four miles above Bangkok.

[27] See the detailed account of the ceremonies with which the royal seal of the Audiencia was received on its arrival at Manila, as related by Morga in his Sucesos (Hakluyt Soc. trans.), pp. 89—­91.

[28] The archbishop of Manila, in a letter to the king dated August 15, 1624, makes the following interesting observation on the state of affairs in Manila after the suppression of the Audiencia:  “The principal motive that influenced Philippo Second, our sovereign, to reestablish, in the time of the governorship of Don Francisco Tello, the royal Audiencia in these islands, which had been suppressed some years before, was that, in districts so remote and distant from his royal presence, the governors might not be so absolute, but that there might be a superior arm to check them, and not allow extortions upon an innocent people.”

[29] The letter here mentioned is found in a group of papers in the Sevilla archives (see Bibliographical Data for “Instructions to Figueroa"), and is (in somewhat condensed form) as follows:  “Since writing the letter of embassy, the king has ordered me to write another for your Lordship, as the former was not necessary on account of the embassy which Diego Beloso was conducting for the king of Canvoxa, whose kingdom the king of Sian has taken.  Accordingly he would have your Lordship send the first embassy, or allow commerce, since the road is open to all vessels and persons who desire to go thither from Sian, for he will do the same for that trade as for Malaca.  He desires from your Lordship a horse and mare for breeding, and will take it as a mark of esteem from you.  He orders Captain Diego Beloso to command this junk, and the latter will negotiate with your Lordship.  He carries a number of presents for your Lordship.  I recommend Captain Diego Beloso to you, although I know it to be unnecessary after what he has done in Canvoja.  He is carrying to your Lordship two elephants, male and female, at his own suggestion, together with a beautiful piece of ivory.  Done on October 8, 1594.

Fray Gregorio da Cruz.”

[30] Champa (Chanpa) was the Malay name of Cambodia (Camboja); it was, however, first applied to a Malay settlement on the eastern coast of the Gulf of Siam.  Later, the province of Champa was a part of the kingdom of Anam, and is now part of French Cochin-China.