[5] Evidently an error in the MS. (which seems to be a duplicate copy of the original); the other MS. has “Chaxuma”—­i.e., Satsuma.

[6] From this point we follow the second and fuller account given in the other MS. (see Bibliographical Data at end of volume).  The two agree nearly to the end of Solis’s deposition; then follows, in the first, a brief statement by Antonio Lopez, and a letter from Dasmarinas to the Japanese emperor (which we shall give at the close of the second report).

[7] In the original, cha, a word of Chinese origin.

[8] The Christian religion was first introduced into Japan by the preaching of the great Jesuit St. Francis Xavier, in 1549.  Favored by the Japanese ruler Nobunaga, the Jesuit missions rapidly increased; and by 1581 “they reckoned nearly one hundred and fifty thousand adherents in all classes of society, and over two hundred churches.” (Rein’s Japan, pp. 265-271.)

[9] Liao-Tung, a province of Manchuria which lies between Korea and the Chinese province of Chi-Li (in which is Pekin); the former is also known as Mukden, from the name of its capital city.

[10] This plan is not in the Archivo de Indias.

[11] A textile fabric of cotton made by the natives of the Philippines; see Zuniga’s Estadismo (Retana’s ed.), ii, 88, where the word is spelled lompote.

[12] Spanish, encomenderos temporales; apparently referring to grants of encomiendas made for a limited time, or to those which were held subject to an annual pension.

[13] It has been generally supposed that the first book printed in the Philippines was the Arte y reglas de la lengua Tagala (Bataan, 1610).  J.T.  Medina cites the Historia eclesiastica of Fray Alonso Fernandez (Toledo, 1611—­but he cites p. 100 of edition of 1693), to show that in 1602 a book was published at Manila concerning Our Lady of the Rosary.  But this letter of Dasmarinas proves conclusively that printing in the islands goes back to at least as early a date as 1593.  It was published by Retana in Politica de Espana en Filipinas (October 23, 1899); and in part by Medina, who conjectures that the “Christian Doctrine” there mentioned was composed by Fray Juan de Plasencia.  Aduarte states explicitly (Historia, ed. 1640, i, p. 108, and ii, p. 16) that the first printer in the islands was Juan de Vera, a Chinese convert, in the Dominican convent at Manila; and that he was incited to do this work by the Dominican friar Francisco de San Joseph.  But he also states that the latter came to the Philippines with Benavides (1595).  For further accounts of printing in the islands, see Medina’s Imprenta en Manila (Santiago de Chile, 1896), pp. v-lxxvi; Retana’s Zuniga, ii, pp. 93*-100*; and Middleton’s Notes on Bibliography of Philippines (Philadelphia, 1900), pp. 27—­37.

[14] Apparently meaning pieces of canvas on which the arms were painted.