The eldest daughter of Louis Philippe, the Princess Louise, was married, soon after her father’s elevation to the throne, to King Leopold of Belgium, widower of the English Princess Charlotte, and uncle to Prince Albert and to Queen Victoria.  The French princess thus became, by her marriage, aunt to these high personages.  They were deeply attached to her.  She named her eldest daughter Charlotte, after the lamented first wife of her husband.  The name was Italianized into Carlotta,—­the poor Carlotta whose reason and happiness were destroyed by the misfortunes of her husband in Mexico.

The second son of Louis Philippe was the Duc de Nemours,—­a blond, stiff young officer who was never a favorite with the French, though he distinguished himself in Algeria as a soldier.  He too found it hard to satisfy his father’s ambition by a brilliant marriage, though a throne was offered him, which he had to refuse.  He then aspired to the hand of Maria da Gloria, the queen of Portugal; but he married eventually a pretty little German princess of the Coburg race.

The third son was Philippe, Prince de Joinville, the sailor.  He chose a bride for himself at the court of Brazil, and brought her home in his frigate, the “Belle Poule.”

The charming artist daughter of Louis Philippe, the Princess Marie, pupil and friend of Ary Scheffer, the artist, married the Duke of Wuertemberg, and died early of consumption.  Her only child was sent to France, and placed under the care of his grandmother.  Princess Clementine married a colonel in the Austrian service, a prince of the Catholic branch of the house of Coburg.  Her son is Prince Ferdinand, the present ruler of Bulgaria.

The marriage of Louis Philippe’s fifth son, the Duc de Montpensier, with the Infanta Luisa is so closely connected with Louis Philippe’s downfall that it can be better told elsewhere; but we may here say a few words about the fortunes of Henri, Duc d’Aumale, the king’s fourth son, who has proved himself a man brave, generous, patriotic and high-minded, a soldier, a statesman, an historian, patron of art, and in all these things a man eminent among his fellows.  He was only a school-boy when a tragic and discreditable event made him heir of the great house of Conde, and endowed him with wealth that he refuses to pass on to his family, proposing at his death to present it to the French people and the French Academy.

The royal family of the house of Bourbon was divided in France into three branches,—­the reigning branch, the head of which was Charles X.; the Orleans branch, the head of which was Louis Philippe; and the Conde branch, the chief of which, and its sole representative at this period, was the aged Duke of Bourbon, whose only son, the Prince d’Enghien, had been shot by order of Napoleon.