“Cette idee, que je dois a Mr. de Redden, perfectionnee par l’etude des phenomenes, donnera peut-etre un jour le mot de toutes ces enigmes.”

Here is the clearest evidence that an enormous mass of mountain had been raised by a subterranean force; that this force had acted upon an enormous column of melted minerals, the specific gravity of which is great; and that this fluid mass had suspended a great wedge of this mountain, or raised it up.  Now, if by means which are natural to the globe, means which are general to the earth, as appearing in every mineral vein, this mass of mountain had been raised up and suspended twenty fathoms, there is no reason why we should suppose nature limited, whether in raising a greater mass of earth, or of raising it a greater height.  That the height to which the land of this globe shall be raised, is a thing limited in the system of this earth, in having a certain bounds which it shall not exceed, cannot be disputed, while wisdom in that system is acknowledged; but it is equally evident, that we cannot set any other bounds to the operation of this cause, than those which nature appears actually to have observed in elevating a continent of land above the level of the sea for the necessary purpose of this world, in which there is to be produced a variety of climates, as there is of plants, from the burning coast under the equator to the frozen mountains of the Andes.

Here therefore we have, although upon a smaller scale, the most perfect view of that cause which has every where been exerted in the greater operations of this earth, and has transformed the bottom of the sea to the summits of our mountains.  Now, this moving power appears to have been the effect of an internal fire, a power which has been universally employed for the consolidation of strata, by introducing various degrees of fusion among the matter of those masses, and a power which is peculiarly adapted to that essential purpose in the system of this earth, when dry land is formed by the elevation of what before had existed as the bottom of the sea.

I hope it will not be thought that too much is here adduced in confirmation of this part of the theory.  The elevation of strata from their original position, which was horizontal, is a material part; it is a fact which is to be verified, not by some few observations, or appearances here and there discovered in seeking what is singular or rare, but by a concurrence of many observations, by what is general upon the surface of the globe.  It is therefore highly interesting not only to bring together that multitude of those proofs which are to be found in every country, but also to give examples of that variety of ways in which the fact is to be proved.  Were it necessary, much more might be given, having many examples in this country of Scotland, in Derbyshire, and in Wales, from my proper observation; but, in giving examples for the confirmation of this theory, I thought it better to seek for such as could not be suspected of partiality in the observation.