the river, chafing at the swell of the sea and the opposition of the waves, was becoming rough, being driven back by the huge blows and violent eddies, so that it was impossible for the master of the boat to make head against it; on which he ordered the men to change about, intending to turn the boat round.  Caesar perceiving this, discovered himself, and taking the master by the hand, who was alarmed at the sight of him, said, “Come, my good man, have courage and fear nothing; you carry Caesar and the fortune of Caesar in your boat.”  The sailors now forgot the storm, and sticking to their oars, worked with all their force to get out of the river.  But as it was impossible to get on, after taking in much water and running great risk at the mouth of the river, Caesar very unwillingly consented that the master should put back.  On his return, the soldiers met him in crowds, and blamed him much and complained that he did not feel confident of victory even with them alone, but was vexed and exposed himself to risk on account of the absent, as if he distrusted those who were present.

XXXIX.  Shortly after Antonius arrived from Brundisium with the troops; and Caesar, being now confident, offered battle to Pompeius, who was well posted and had sufficient supplies both from land and sea, while Caesar at first had no abundance, and afterwards was hard pressed for want of provisions:  but the soldiers cut up a certain root[535] and mixing it with milk, ate it.  And once, having made loaves of it, they ran up to the enemies’ outposts, threw the bread into the camp, and pitched it about, adding, that so long as the earth produces such roots, they will never stop besieging Pompeius.  Pompeius, however, would not let either the matter of the loaves or these words be made known to the mass of the army; for his soldiers were dispirited and dreaded the savage temper and endurance of the enemy as if they were wild beasts.  There were continually skirmishes about the fortifications of Pompeius, and Caesar had the advantage in all except one, in which there was a great rout of his troops and he was in danger of losing his camp.  For when Pompeius made an onset, no one stood the attack, but the trenches were filled with the dying, and Caesar’s men were falling about their own ramparts and bulwarks, being driven in disorderly flight.  Though Caesar met the fugitives and endeavoured to turn them, he had no success, and when he laid hold of the colours, those who were carrying them threw them down, so that the enemy took two and thirty, and Caesar himself had a narrow escape with his life.  A tall, strong man was running away past by Caesar, who putting his hand upon him, ordered him to stand and face the enemy; but the man, who was completely confounded by the danger, raised his sword to strike him, on which Caesar’s shield-bearer struck the man first and cut off his shoulder.  Caesar had so completely given up his cause as lost, that when Pompeius either through caution or from some