de l’Arabie Petree,’ Paris, 1830.  The place is in the midst of a desert, but has abundance of water.  Its position made it an important place of commerce in the caravan trade of the East; and it was such in the time of Strabo, who states on the authority of his friend Athonodorus that many Romans were settled there (p. 779).  It contains numerous tombs and a magnificent temple cut in the rock, a theatre and the remains of houses.

The king against whom Pompeius was marching is named Aretas by Dion Cassius (37. c. 15).]

[Footnote 294:  The Paeonians were a Thracian people on the Strymon.  (Herodotus, v. 1.) It appears from Dion Cassius (49. c. 36) that the Greeks often called the Pannonians by the name of Paeonians, which Sintenis considers a reason for not altering the reading here into Pannonians.  Appianus (Mithridatic War, c. 102) uses the name Paeonians, though he means Pannonians.]

[Footnote 295:  This is the Roman word.  Compare Tacitus (Annal. i. 18):  “congerunt cespites, exstruunt tribunal.”]

[Footnote 296:  The circumstances of the rebellion of Pharnakes and the death of Mithridates are told by Appianus (Mithridatic War, c. 110) and Dion Cassius (37. c. 11).  Mithridates died B.C. 63, in the year in which Cicero was consul.

The text of the last sentence in this chapter is corrupt; and the meaning is uncertain.]

[Footnote 297:  [Greek:  to nemeseton].]

[Footnote 298:  The body of Mithridates was interred at Sinope.  Appianus (Mithridatic War, c. 113) says that Pharnakes sent the dead body of his father in a galley to Pompeius to Sinope, and also those who had killed Manius Aquilius, and many hostages Greeks and barbarians.  There might be some doubt about the meaning of the words ‘many corpses of members of the royal family’ [Greek:  polla somata ton basilikon] but Plutarch appears from the context to mean dead bodies.  Two of the daughters of Mithridates who were with him when he died, are mentioned by Appianus (c. 111) as having taken poison at the same time with their father.  The poison worked on them, but had no effect on the old man, who therefore prevailed on a Gallic officer who was in his service to kill him. (Compare Dion Cassius, 39. c. 13, 14.)]

[Footnote 299:  He made it what the Romans called Libera Civitas, a city which had its own jurisdiction and was free from taxes.  Compare the Life of Caesar, c. 48.]

[Footnote 300:  He was a native of Apamea in Syria, a Stoic, and a pupil of Panaetius.  He was one of the masters of Cicero, who often speaks of him and occasionally corresponded with him (Cicero, Ad Attic. ii. 1).  Cicero also mentions Hermagoras in his treatise De Inventione (i. 6, and 9), and in the Brutus (c. 79).]

[Footnote 301:  See the Life of Sulla, c. 6.]