XIX.  Thus was the battle divided into two parts.  The Lacedaemonians were the first to rout the Persians.  A Spartan, named Arimnestus, killed Mardonius by a blow on the head with a stone, as the oracle in the temple of Amphiaraus had foretold to him.  For Mardonius sent a Lydian thither, and another man, a Karian, to the oracle in the cave of Trophonius.  This latter was spoken to in the Karian language by the prophet, but the other slept in the sacred enclosure round the temple of Amphiaraus, and in his dreams saw a servant of the god standing beside him and bidding him begone.  When he refused to go, the figure cast a great stone at his head, so that he dreamed that he died of the stroke.  This is the story which is told of Mardonius.  The Persian fugitives were now driven to take shelter within their wooden fortification.  Shortly after these events took place, the Athenians defeated the Thebans, who lost three hundred of their noblest citizens in that battle.  After this there came a messenger to them, telling them that the Persians were being besieged in their fortified camp.  Hearing this, the Athenians allowed the renegade Greeks to escape, and marched at once to the assault of the camp.  Here they found the Lacedaemonians, who were not pressing the enemy, because they had no experience in sieges and attacks on fortified places.  The Athenians forced their way in and took the camp with an immense slaughter of the enemy.  It is said that out of three hundred thousand only forty thousand under Artabazus escaped.  On the side of the Greeks fell only thirteen hundred and sixty men.  Of these there were fifty-two Athenians of the Aiantid tribe,[23] which, we are told by Kleidemus, distinguished itself beyond all others on that day.  For this reason, the Aiantid tribe offered the sacrifice to the nymphs Sphragitides, ordered by the oracle for the victory, at the public expense.  Of the Lacedaemonians, there fell ninety-one, and of the Tegeans sixteen.  It is hard, therefore, to understand Herodotus when he says that these alone came to blows with the enemy, and that no other Greeks were engaged at all; for both the number of the slain and the tombs of the fallen prove that the victory was won by all the Greeks together.  If only three cities had fought, and the rest had done nothing, they never would have inscribed on the altar: 

    “The Greeks in battle drove the Persian forth
     By force of arms, and bravely Greece set free,
     To Zeus Protector they this altar reared,
     Where all might thank him for their victory.”

This battle was fought on the day of the month Boedromion, according to the Athenian calendar; and on the twenty-sixth of the month Panemus according to that of the Boeotians, on which day the Hellenic meeting still takes place at Plataea, and sacrifice is offered to Zeus, the Protector of Liberty, in memory of this victory.  The discrepancy of the dates is no marvel, seeing that even at the present day, when astronomy is more accurately understood, different cities still begin and end their months on different days.